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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. 






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UNITED STATES OE AMERICA. 







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HELPS IN HISTORY, 



OR 

U, S. HISTORY BY MNEMONICS^ 

Outlines in IJ. S. Civil Government 

And The Civil Government 

OF MISSOURI. 



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■^ JfJ, Bryant, < 



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BurlingtDii ufuiictiDQ, Missauri- 




<, .^i887_,,^ 



Post Power Press Pkixt, 



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Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year, 1883, by 

J. J. BRYANT, 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington . 



Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year, 1887, by 

J. J. BRYANT, 

In tae office of the librarian of Congress , at Washington . 



^ 



INTRODUCTION: 



The plan of this work, we believe, is entirely 
new. Its contents is the result of sehool-rocin 
labor, growing out of a desire to make the History 
of our country more attractive and interesting — a 
favorite study with the vast army of American 
students. 

The object of this little book is to aid the pupil 
m studying and especially in remembering tiie 
most important events in the United States history. 
The great difficulty is to remember history nltcy 
having studied it, but in this method the events 
are fixed and retained in the mind by means of 
verses, of which the first letter of each word is 
the first letter of the name or event to be remery^r 



4 HELPS IN HISTOEY. 

hered It wi\[ be clearly seen and easily under- 
stood that if one has the first letter of a name he 
can readdy recall that name — and having the verses 
he has a key to the histor^^ 

This is not intended as a text book, but is to he 
U5ecl with any U. S. history as topics of the same. 

Any history may be used for reference,, but in 
its preparation Ridpath's lias been the main suide. 
(Treat information, however, has been derived froiu 
the Barnes, Eclectic, Colonial, Venable, Wilson. 
Quackenbos, Swinton, and other histories. 

Each verse is to be used as a group of topics. 
The teacher in assigning lessons may use his own 
judgment as to the number of topics to be given 
for a recitation. 

Hoping that these topics will meet with the suc- 
cess that those met which were sent out in manu- 
script form, we venture to place them before the 
Teaching Public; and if the verses contain discon- 
nected ideas, and if all are not constructed strictly 
according to the laws of prosody, let the critic 
write one himself before passing a final dicision. 

Lists of questions are also given that the topics 
may be more complete. The pupil in searching for 
the answers, and comparing different authors, will 
learn to draw his owni conclusions and think for 
himself. 

With these introductory remarks, we cheerfully 
inscribe to our pupils and fellow teachers the 
>^'Helps in History.'* 

BitrUnqton Junction. Mo , The Authou. 

June 1,18S7,' 



HISTOxRY OF THE UNITED STATCS 




Outlines and Mnemonics. 

I'lih: Western CoDtinent v*'as probably first .-eei* 
and partly explored by the Icelanders and Kor- 
vvegians who ^ave il the nam-^ of Vinland. They 
visited the country several times, but never made 
any permanent settlement^. Their discoveries re- 
sulted in nothing wha^iver. ^'The world was 
neither wiser nor better." The place was even for- 
gotten by the Icelanders themselves. The curt^if* 
that liad been lifted for a short period was lowere<l 
from the blue dome to the sea, and the New Workl 
again lay hidden from the white man. Itwa&aboiit 
live centuries before Europe made known to the 
world the existence of a new continent. No one^ 
then ever dreamed of the tragic scenes across the 



g3=Tbe outlines in this book will he found completo, and, if tin- 
insti'uctor jwefers, may bo used without the verses. 



(i DIVISIONS OF IIISTOBY, 

waters, and that amid those scenes would spring u\> 
this, the mightiest nation the world has ever 
known. 

About the close of the thirteenth century, Marco 
Polo, the Venetian traveler, and others had jour- 
neyed Plast and returned with wonderful accounts 
of the riches of Cathay and the Islands of Cipango, 
then called the East Indies, but now known to be 
China and Japan. The great problem of the fif- 
teenth century w^as to tind a near route to India. 

Toscannelli had suggested the idea of the rotun- 
dity of the earth, Sir John Mandeville confirmed it 
in the first English book ever wTitten (A, D. 1356), 
and Columbus resolved to prove it by sailing west- 
ward and arriving at the East Indies. He sailed. 
The result was that in a short time the powers of 
Europe were sending out fleets to explore an un- 
known land. 



Divisions of History. 

According to "A Catechism of the History of the 
United States," history is divided into Ancient 
and Modern; which is also divided into Civil, Sa- 
cred, and Profane (Yerse — All modern civilization 
stands preeminent) : 

Ancient History is an account of all events that 
took place from the creation of the world to the 
birth of Christ ; 

Modern History embraces an account of all 
events from the birth of Christ until the present 
time ; 

Civil History is an account of the rise, continu- 
ance, and fall of empires, kingdoms, and states; 

Sacred History is that which is contained in the 



PEBIODS OF HUSTOBY. 7 

Sacred Scriptures; 

Profane History is properly the iiistory of fab- 
ulous gods, and heroes of aatiquity ; 

Ancient History is distinguished for the rise and 
fall of the four great empires: Assyria, Persia, 
Greece, and Rome (Verse. — Assyria's powerful 
government relaxed) ; 

Modern History is distinguished for the inven- 
tion of gunpowder, the art of printing, and dis- 
covery of America. 

The history of our country is divided into five 
Periods, which are given by Ridpath as follows: 

First. Aboriginal Period ; from remote antiq- 
uity to the coming of the white man, A. D. 986. 

Second. Voyage and Discovery ; 986 — 1607. 

Third. Colonial Period ; 1607—1775. 

Fourth. Revolution and Confederation ; 1775 
—1789. 

Fifth. National Period ; 1789 to the present. 

Verse. — A very choice republican nation. 



Aboriginal Period.* 

- 986. 
1. Mound Builders. 
Mounds. 

Wares and Ancient Workshops. 
Indians. 
Origin. 
Name, 
Number. 
Tribes. 

Characteristics — Mode of living. 
Personal appearance. 
Dwellings. 

* This outline, and others scattered through the hook, are given 
In order to bring oat the necessary points not included in the versi^s. 



^' Mode of hunting and fishing. 
, Trading — money. 
' Subsistence. 

Women. 

Character. 

Lanofuaofe. 
; Religion. 

Government. 



QUESTIONS AND QUERIES. 

I. Define History. 

- 2- What are the divisions oi liistory? 
-5, Define Ancient history. 
i. Define Modern history. 
'k Define Civij, 8acred, and Profane hisior.w 
c^. Oiy^ verse for divisions of history, 
7. For what is Ancient history distinguished V 
^^ Forvwikat is Modern history distinguished? 
1^- 5same the noted empires in Ancient history. 

I»^ Whatddea did Toscaneili advance? 

IL Whoeoniirmed it? Who resolved to prove it? 

12- What was the exciting problem of the 15th cen- 
tury.? 

l:?. Who was Marco Polo? Yasco De Garaa? 

%4 . W h o we re the Mo u n d B u i 1 d e r s ? W h a t i s k now* 
concerning them? 

f/",. Where are the Mounds found, and whal do they 
eontain? 

i*^- How did men first reach ^Vmerica? 

■17, Sketch the main physical features 0[ the U. 8. 

'?S. Mow did the natives of North Ameiiea come t«r 
receive the name Indian ? 

1i». Sketch the appearance, customs, and tribal di- 
visions of the Indians. 

t?«». Give periods of U. S. history. S'eise. 



I '0 1 . 1 GE A XB ni SCO \ Ell Y. zf 

Period of Voyage and Discovery. 

980-1007 

Below are given tlie verses and the voyager.^ aijii 
discoverers of the four nations, Spain, England. 
France and Holland. It will be observed that esieli 
verse is begun with the name of the nation towbieli 
the discoverers belong. This will enable the pupil 
to easily determine the nation under which each 
one sailed — obviating the great difficulty of remeiii - 
hermg whether a certain one is a Spanish, Englisli^ 
French, or Dutch explorer. 

SFAMISH DISCOVERERS A^lD EXPLORERS.. 

"Can you make an egg stand on end?* • 
• -The Fountain of Immortal Youth . " * 
' 'Th^. lirbt requiems that were ever heard on th^ watej*?^ *4^' 
the 'C rtsissippi." 

Columbus, 
Amerigo Vespucci, 
J^eou (Ponce De), 
Halboa, 
Mafijellan, 

SiKiin chose a li 
and noble, determined motives 



*The student will notice that the first letter of each word m iintirr 
4s the initial letter of the names chronologically arranged . 

-Kotes.— Columbus married Donna Felipa, daughter of a fayti<>u> 
navigator in the Portuguese service. She was a great help to hiii^. 
aiding him in his plans. It has lately been discovered that his rt-- 
mains were last interred at St. Domingo. Havti, instead of Ha viin^. 
(Alba, as is generally given by historians. 

Amerigo Vespucci was born in Florence. Ttal v. in UM; «H«'»S iit 
*<eville; Spain, in ].")12. 



U92. 


Cortez, 




15 J ^» 


1499. 


Ay Hon, 




15^5* 


1512. 


IS^arvaez, . 




1^2H. 


1513. 


De Soto, 




Ib^B. 


1519. 


Melendez, 




15?1;#. 


ader, 


bearino: moral 


Ch; 


aracter 



10 HELPS IN HISTORY. 

ENGLISH DISCOYEEERS AND EXPLCHERi 
"Prima Vista." 



p J . (John, 1497. Gilbert,(Gosiioia 1002) 1588. 

^'^^^^ ) Sebastian.UOS. Raleigb, 1584. 

Martin Frobisher, 1578. Pring, 1603. 
Drake, 1579. 

England certainly might demand glorious repub- 
lican principles. 



FRENCH DISCOVERERS AND EXPLORERS. 
' ' BaccliTis Isle . ' ' 

Veirazzaiii, 1524. Laudonniere, 15G4. 

Cartier, 1534. De Monts, 1G04. 

Ribault, 1562. Champlain, 1608. 

France's vindicators couldn't restore Loudonniere's 
destroyed colony. 



.DUTCH DISCOVERERS AND EXPLORERS. 
"The Half Moon." 

TIudsGn, 1609. May, 1614. Block, 1614 

Holland has many beauties. 



11 



QUESTIONS AND QUERIES 



1. Who was Marco Polo? 

•2. ^Name the principal Spanish explorers. 

3. Name the E-nglish explorers, 

4. Give the French explorers. 

5. Give the Dutch explorers, 

n. Who discovered America? How many voyages 
did he make? From what port did he sail? 
When? How many vessels composed his fleet? 
Where do his remains now rest? 

7. What reward did Columbus receive? 

S, Give some idea of the character of Columbus 

1). Yv^hat reward should he have received? 

10. Give verse for the explorers of each nation, 

11, Name the nations that made explorations in 

America ? 

1-2. Who first discovered the continent of North 
America ? 

13. Why w^as this continent named America instead 
of Columbia ? 

15. What is this country sometimes called? 

16. Tell all you can about each explorer. 

17. Who sailed in search of the Fountain of Youth? 

18. Which one disco verd the Mississippi? 

The St. LawM'ence river? Lake Champlain? 
Hudson river? In what year was each? 

11). Which one kidnapped the Indians? 

•20. Who discovered the Pacific Ocean? Date? 

21. Give the Periods in U. S. history. Yerse. 

22. Why did Columbus wish to sail to India? 

23 . Who made the first direct voyage to America ? 

24. What became of the Indians D 'Avllon kidnap- 

ped? 

2o. Make a list of llie native animals of North 
America. 

2G. Who first tried to plant a colony in America? 

27. Y'hat was the Spanish claim in America? The 

English? The French? The Dutch? 

28. Who introduce! the horse into this countrv? 



I'l 



HELPS IN HISTORY. 



:>s;, 
40, 



4L 



4^. 



Describe the expedition of De Narvaez. Its fate. 
Of De Soto. Of De Ayllon. 

How were tlie Indians treated by the explorers? 

Who were the Huguenots? 

What is meant by "Lost Colony of Roanoke"? 

Give name of first white child born in America. 

Was Hudson a Dutchman? 

Tell the story of Ealei^h's smokin.u-. 

Had the nations at this time any idea of tlie ex- 
tent of the c o u n try ? 

What discovery did Balboa make? 

When, where and bv whom was the first town in 
the U. S. founded? 

What journey did Champlain makeJ^ 

Write the names of ten of the most illustrious 
discoverers and explorers and substantiate 
your selection by teliin.o- what e ich one did. 

Draw an outiine map of North and Boutli 
America and the West Indies, and write in the 
proper places names of the discoverers, with 
the dates. 

What did the Indians think the ships of Colum- 
bus were? 

Place a verse on the blackboard and pointing" to 
the first h "ter of each word give ail the names 
^nd even:., included in it. 



''Ilie fn^llowinK may be made the basis of any bio 
|2rr'€4p hi c a 1 essay: 



(Name) . 



Aiicf stry . 
I Parents. 
=> I OccupHtioii. 
I Grandpa I'ents. 
i'Jarlv lilfo . 
I Bli-th. 
i I Time. 
i I Place . 
J Early Childhood 
j:i I Surroundin<i'>i. 
I I Influence^. 
I; Boj'hood. 
I' Education . 

Companions. 

Proclivities. 



Manhood . 

School or Colle^-e EiucaUi> 

Profession or Occupation . 

Achievements. 

Books Avritteii. 

Inventions. 

Discoveries. 
Death . 

Tiine . 

Place. 

Circumstances attendiuii- 
Character. 



Colonial Period. 

1607— 177o. 

FIHST PERMANENT SETTLEMENTS IN THE NEW WORLD. 
' • Westward the Star of Empire takes its way . ' ' 

Augustine (St.) settled b\^ the Spaniards, 15G5. 

Santa Fe. " ''^ '• '' 1582. 

Port Royal '• '^ •' French, 1605. 

Jamestown, '- '• '• English, 1607. 

<^aebec, ^* '• '' French, 160S. 

New York, " '' '- Dutch, 1614. 

Plyiiiouth. ^- '• Eng. Puritans, 1620. 

Verse. — All should praise Jamestown's quiet, 
noble people. 

KKENOII EXPLORERS IN THE MISSISSIPPI VALLEf. 

• • The white flag of the Desert . ' ' 

Joliet, Hennepin, La Salle, Marquette. 
\ erse. — Justice has little mercy. 

VIRGINIA— ^^The Old Dominion." 

• -He that wiii not work must not eat. " '—John Smitli . 

1607 — Settled at Jamestown bv the Eng^lish. 
( 1609-10— starving Time). 

r First in 1606. 
Charters \ Second m 1601). 
I Third in 1612. 
1611) — House of Burgesses. 
1 6 1 U — Slavery introduced. 
1(^22 — Indian Massacre. 
16'") 1 — First Navigation Act. 
16)76 — Bacon's Rebellion. 
17:;2- -Birth of Washington. 
1765. — Resolutions of Virginia, 
Governors. 
ViFKirNL^ should have supported Bacon, 



14 HELPS JJS niSTOTY. 

NEW YORK— "Empire State." 

' 'Ever since the clays of Captain Kidd, 
The Yankees think there 's money hid . ' ' 

i€14 — Settled at New York by the Dutch. 
1063 — War with the Indians. 
1CG4 — Subdued by the Entrlish. 
1G80 — First Colonial Congress. 
iC88 — Leislek's Insurrection. 
1690 — Attack on Schenectady b}' the Indians. 
1C96 — Kidd's conspiracy. 
1741 — Plot (Negro). 
1765— Second Colonial Congress. 
1770 — British y\o^. 
Governors. 

New York suffered severe loss after Kidd's piracy 
legan. 



MASSACHUSETTS— "Bay State." 

' ■ ihey thought an angel had been )<oi\t for tlieir deliverance. ' " 

1G20 — Seitled at Plymouth by Puritans. 
IG 38 —Harvard College founded, 
j"39 — Printing press (first) at Cambridge. 
1075- -Philip's (King) War. 
1G90 —Paper money iirst issued. 
iG92 — W^iTCHCRAFT excltemcnt at Salem. 
1701: — '-Boston News Letter," iirst newspaper. 
1710 — Post-office (Srst). 
1761 —Assistance (Writs of) 
1770 — Tumult in Boston. 
1773— "Tea Party,'' 
1774— Boston Port Bill. 
1786— Shay's Rebellion. 
Governors. 
Massachusetts sustained her puritan worship by 
promptly accepting the Bible. 



COLONIAL PEBIOD, 15 

NEW JERSEY. 

1623— Settled by the Dutch. 
1664 — Permanent colonization. 
1677 — Division of East and West Jersey. 
1702 — Union of the Jerseys. 
1728 — Separated from New York. 
Governors. 
New Jersey secured permanent divisions under 
separate governments. 

NEW HAMPSFIIRE- -Granite State.' 

1623— Settled at Portsmouth. 
1680 — Becomes a distinct colonj^. 
1698 — Re-united with Massachusetts. 
1741 — Final separation from Massachusetts. 
Governors. 
New Hampshire should be ready for grievances. 



CONNETICUT—^^ Nutmeg State." 

1633 — Settled at Windsor. [in America. 

1639 — Adoption of constituion— first written one 
1687- Hiding of the Charter--Charter Oak. 
1701 — Yale College founded. 
Governors. 

CoxNETicuT supports ail her Yale graduates. 
MARYLAND. 

•'Free Liberty of Religion." 

1634— Settled at St. Mary's by Catholics. 
1639 — Representative government established. 
1642 —War with the Indians. 
1645 — Clayborene's Rebellion. 
Governors. 

Maryland surely retrograded when Clayborne 
governed. 



V HELPS L\ HJSTOHY. 

KHODE ISLAND — ^Little Rhodv." 



lOHG— Settled at Providence. 
1()38— Hutchinson (M:s. Anne) arrived. 
1(>(]3— Charter. 
hj87 — Andros's I'sirpation. 
Governors. 
IIhodr Island secured her charter and government 



DELAWARE— '^Diamond State.' 

IG08— Settled by Swedes. 
1G55 — Conquered by the Dutch. 
1(382 — Final separation from New York. 
1G91 — Separated Irom Pennsylvania. 

Dklaavare's settlers came from Sweden. 



PENNSYLVANIA— '4veystone State/' 

••] will foivjid a ooloiiy fur all niai)kind," — Peiui. 

164»-^— Settled near Philadelphia by Swedes. 
I()81 — Granted to Penn. 

1G82 — Treaty with the Indians — Penn's elm. 
1 (188 — Philadelphl\ founded. 

English freedom granted to all. 

Ingratitude to Penn. 
1774 — Continental (First) Congress. 
1775 — Second Continental Congress. 

Governors. 
Pennsylvanl\ secured the people's confidence. 



COLO XI AL J'ERIOD. IT 

NORTH CAROLINA--* Turpentine State/' 

]()(>j— Settlednear the Albemarle Sound. 
16G9— ''Grand ModeF'— Locke's. 
1677 — Rebellion of Culpepper. 
1711 — Tuscaforas War. 
1744 — Invaded by the Spaniards. 
Governors. 
North Carolina's settlers greatly revered iheit 
integTity. 



SOUTH CAROLINA— 'Palmetto State."' 

1()70 — Settled at Charleston. 
1670 — Loche's Grand Model adopted. 
1G8G — Arrival of Huguenots. 
1702 — Expedition against St. Augustine. 
1705 — Indian war. 

1729 — Royal government established. 
Governors. 

South Carolina supports literary and educational 
institutions. 



GEORGIA— "The Last of the Thirteen.'" 

' *Iii trust for the i^oor. ' ' 

17o3 — Settled at Savannah bv Oglethorp. 
1736- Whitefield, John and Charles Wesley.. 
1740 — Florida invaded. 
l742-~Bloody Marsh Battle. 
1758 — Episcopal Church established. 
Governors. 

Georgia's settlers were favored by Episcopal gov 
ernors. 



18 



HELPS IN HISTORY. 



MISCELLANKOrS 



1689-97— King William's War. 



1702-13 



1606 — London Company. 
1606 — Plymouth Company. 

Character of colonists. 
1637 — Pequod War. 
1643 — Union of Colonies. 
1651 — Act (First Navagation). 
1686- -Andres appointed governor of all Nen- 

[England, 
Cause. 

Attack on Schenectady. 
Sir Wm. Phipps. 
Peace of Ryswick. 
■Queen Anne's War. 
Cause. 

Attacks of the colonists. 
At the South. 
I St. Augustine. 
At the North. 
I Port Royal. 
Treaty of Utrecht. 
Act (Importation). 
1744-48— King George's War, 
Cause. 
Louisburg. 

Treaty of Aix la Chapelle. 
1754-63 — French aud Indian War. 
1765— Stamp Act. 
1774— Act (Mutiny). 
[ Science. 
I Colonial Habits. 
Progress. <{ Historians. 

I Education, Literature. 
[ Manufactures, Ministers, 
Love pure chastit}'', perfectly unselfish actions 
and kindred qualites, and keep from showing any 
partiality. 



1733- 



V.) 



French and Indian War- 

' ' They run".-' They run v ' " 
'.Siiall ;i voung" Buckskin teach a British General liow to tijiiitv'* 

Washington's mission. 175.*j. 

-,--, ( Great Meadows. 
t.vEXTS l^'^-^.)]s^eces3ity, Fort. 

r Braddock's Defeat. 
r>7EXTs. 1755. < Acadians driven into exile. . 
! Edward, Fort. (Dieskau). 

EvKST, 175G, Oswego captured by the French. 

Kvi:nt. 1757. William Henry, Fort, surrendered 

[to Montcalm. 

priconderoga. Fort. 

-,-..,. J Capture of Louisburt^ by P^nizlish. 
Events. 1 <o<s.< ,, ' t^ - ^,. r: /^ 

j Prontenac, rort, cap t*- •• 

[Du Quesne, '' '' '' 

( Niagara, Fort, captured by English. 
i^]vENTs. 1759. < Ticonderoga, " '• 

(Quebec, 

l'l\EST< '(]()-' f) — Indian Depredations. 
Events, 1763. — Peace of Paris. (Pontiac's Con- 
spiracy). 
We'^^greatly needed'^ -^^ brigs and equipments'' ^of 
■ war^^to compel France's drilled ''^nav}- to quit 
its^ '"^plundering. 

Note. — In pointing off the above verse to indicate 



'2n HELPS IN HlETOliY. 

tUe yearly c- vents of the war, it will be fouiid con- 
venient to use the proper name, W. G. Bowtnii*. 

Place 1753 before the first event (which begins 
^vith W) ; 54 before the first event commencing 
with G : '55 before the first event beginning with B : 
\i6 before the first one beginning with o ; '57 before 
the one beginning with w ; ^58 before the first one 
that begins with t; '59 before the first one be^in- 
tiina: ^'ith N^ '60 before the first commencing witl- 
f- and '68 before the first that commences witli p. 



To Till'. Pri'ii,. Constantly use j'our note book and slate. "Once 
%^ rUing a topic is worth twice reciting it. ' ' Eepeat and rc-Avriti.* 
Time and again that which you find most difficult to remember. As 
you study a verse, place it on your slate and pointing to the first let- 
ter of each word, name the events and the dates. Erase and rc- 
-«rite until the tojjics are thoroughly memorized. Write the events 
-*♦» the slate or tablet and glancing at the first letter of the event, 
repeat the verse. Continue either, or both of these, until you can 
,ii:o to the blackboard, at your teacher's bidding, and write down 
t he topics and the verse without any hesitation whatever. Th»' 
:n«ecret of success in remembering dates depends entirely upon their 
repetition in connection with the verses. Bear in mind the neces- 
sity of your constant use of the pen and pencil in all your work. 
Write down ev^ery thing of interest that you can find In difierent 
histories and bring them to the recitation"! Try to know something 
'««> I" each topic, and strive to be able to tell something about it in 
your own language. If you cannot express your thoughts nicely, 
3ieep trying. Cultivate originality^ of thought. Your greatest aim 
-iltould be to think for yourself. 

• "Think: for thyself— one good idea. 
But known to be thine own, 
Is better than a thousand gleaned 
From fields by others sown. ' ' 

Make lists, from time to time, of the most noted men of onr 
-fe-iKuitry, and, if possible, procure biographical sketches of them. 
zsiui\ coi)y the same into your note book. Collect all the funny an- 
','cdotes that you can find bearing on the lesson. You can find a 
suimber of such in Quackenbos' Primary" History of the United 
:states. If you have not a Ridpath's History in school, secure one. 
:s.is the topics are taken mostly from that history. Remember that 
«>ur country's advancement depends far more on the conquests of 
.l»eace than" upon the results of war. "We ought to know more t>r 
*uen and their good deeds. ' ' With the Revolution, begin the study 
->l men and their actions. Do not be in too much of a hurry. Get 
\%-tdl what you go over. Work all the time for the purpose or 
■^wowing more of our countrv's histor\ . 



21 

QUESTIONS AND QUERIES 

i. Name seven of the first r)ermaaent settlements 
in North Amerien. Give date of each. Terse. 

•2. What inducements led Europeans to come to 
America? 

:>. Tell what yon can about the London Companv, 

4. What territory was granted to this company? 

'). AYliat was ttie Pivmouth Company? 

«". Give the rights ijrranted to it. 

7. Which company was successful and what set- 
tlement did it make? 

b. Give character of the YirRinia colonists 

V. \Yhat was tlieir success? 

I(i. What did John Smith do for the colon v? 

11. What story is told of Smith? 

12, What name did he give to the coast he explorer! 

and drew a map of in 1614? 

li). Give an account of John Loche's Grand Model. 

II. Who governed Delaware? Georgia? 

i:i. When was the tirst Indian Massacre? 

!(;, What may be said of the colonists in regard to 
education? 

17. Name some of tne early missionary heroes that 
worked among the Indians. 

lb. From what did the early colonists suffer? 

1\K Row did the whites treat the Indians? 

•iO. Who was Lord Baltimore?. Oglethori>? 

'21. Give French explorers in Mississippi Valley. 

'12. What was La Salle's fate? 

•i;?. What wns the cause of the French and Indian 
War? How long did this war last? 

•IL Give verse and [)rhicipal events of the war. 

2~>. Did the Indians assist the I'rench or English? 

•if;. What benefit was this war to the colonists? 

•27. Who were the French commanders in this war? 

28. Repeat Wolfe and Montcalm's dying words, 

2". Describe Washington's journey across the Ale- 
ghanies. For whom and to whom did he cany 
the message? 

:>(', Tell what you can about the Old Charter Oak. 

:^1. Give a sketch of Sir Edraond Andros. 

:V2. Who was Captain Kidd ? 

:U. What did Canonicus send to Governor Brad- 
ford? What did Bradford send back? 

35. How much did Minuit pay the Indians for Man- 
hattan Lsland? 



22 HELPS IK HlETOllY. 

36. V/liy was each colony so called? Igusr, 185('). 

37. When was the Charter Oak blown down? Au- 

38. Wh«t was theage of Penn's elm when blown 

down in 1810? 283 years old. 

39. AYhat is the calumet? 

40. Give the motto of your State. 

41. What are the people of the differ'^nt states 

called? Wiiatareyou? 

42. What governor signed another's death warrant 

while drunk? 

43. What is meant by the "hasty pudding of New 

England? 
^4. What tea party is celebrated in our history? 

45. Who, in a frail canoe on a stormy night, visited 

an Indian wigwam to save the lives of his en- 
emies? 

46. What persecuted people settled the different 

colonies? 

47. Give the colonies that are named, after a king 

or queen. 

48. Name the colony that took the Bible as its 

guide. 

49. Giye the object that Penn, Lord Baltimore, and 

Oglethorp each had in founding a colony in 
the New World. 

50. Why is this country English rather than 

French? 

51. Give the difference between the Pilgrim.s and 

Puritans. 
51. What was the ''town meeting" of the early New 

England times? 
How did the English treatment ol the Indians 

compare with the French? 
Tell something of the Starving Time.'' 

54. Give an account of the ''Salem AVitchciaft." 

Was the delusion common at the time:^ 

55. Describe the marringejpf Pocahontas.. 

56. What do you mean by J^'ebruary 11th. Old Style, 

and Februarv 22nd, New Style.' 

57. Give an account of King Philip's war. 

58. Tell the story of Dieskau's death. 

59. Give the cause of Pontiac's war. 

60. How did England treat the colonies^^ 

61. Who flred the first gun of Frencli and Indian war? 

62. How many inter-colonial wars were there/' 

63. What did the Indians of Jamestown plant in 

order to grow ammunitions^ 



ijL 



i)0. 



23 



Revolution and Confederation, 

1775—1789. 



RevDlutionary War. 



Ca?f=aT had his Brutus, Charles T. his Cromwell , and George III. 
—may x^rofit hy their example . ' ^ 

' 'Xo. taxation without representation. - ' 



CAUSES. 

1. Taxation without Representation, or the Right 
of Arbitary Government, claimed by Great 
Britain and denied by the Colonists ; 

2. France inciting the Colonists to rebel ; 
o. Character of the Colonists ; 

4. Public opinion among the Colonists ; 

5. George Ill's, character ; 

6. Acts passed by Pariiment destructive of col- 
Importation Act. [onial liberty.* 
Writs of Assistance. 
Stamp Act. 

Taxation on tea, glass, etc. 
Mutiny Act. 
Boston Port Bill. 

Verse. — Taxes from the Colonists paid George III. 
admirably. 



* These acts, also the riots in Xew York and Boston and the Eos- 
ton Tea Party, are consideried the IMMEDIATE causes. The first 
five causes were the remote ones. 



4 HELPS IN BISTORT, 

FIRST YEAR OF THE Y/AR— 1775. 

Ui \hv name of tlie Groat Jehovah and tht^ CojitiiuMjtal ('oh- 
^•es6. ' '—Ethan Allen. 
' 'Tbo -war lia<^ be.trnn . - ' 

l^exington. 

Tieonderoga. 

Crown Point. (Continental Congress.) 

Hunker Hill. 

Expedition against Quebec. 

SECOND YEAR OF TEE WAP— 'Ye."" 

"mng! Kinj,^!" 

t*roc] aim Liberty throughout all the land, vmto all tlu- inhalMt- 
ants thereof. ' ' 

Evacuation of Boston. 

]\[oultrie (Fort), (Sergeant Jasper) 

J3eclaration of Independence.* 

Island (Long). 

Washington's Retreat, (White J^lains). 

Trenton. 



THIRD YEAR OF THE V^AE— 1777, 

"The darkest hour of the Kevolution . ' ' 
' 'These are the times that try men 'e bouIb. ' 

Princeton. 

Schuyler (Fort). 

Bennington, (''Molly Stark^O 

Saratoga. 

Brandywine, (La Fayette and Pulaski), 

Gerraantown, (Lydia Durrah). 

Valley Forge. 

.S<'e committee, p. "if). 



UEYOLl'l LOS A R Y WXU. i^r, 

FOURTH Y:?IAR OF THE WAP— 1778. 
■ Staml by now. niy brave ^rreiiadiersl " — Gen. Charles J.ee. 

Treat}' with France. 

iMonmoiith.' (Gen. C has. Lee, '^Mollie Pitcher/') 

Newport. 

Massacres of Wvomiug and Cherry VaHeys. 

FIFTH YEAR OF THE WAR— 1779. 
• • I ]»ave not yet bejrun to iiglit. ' ' — PauJ Jones. 

Tr3'on in Couneticut. 
Vomt (Stony) ('-Mad Anthony"). 
Expedition of Sulhvan against the Indian-. 
Savannah, (Sergeant Jasper and Pulaski). 
Naval battle of Paul Jones. 

SIXTH YEAR OF THE WAE— 1780. 

"The Rritisb soldier trembles 
Wli en Marion ' s name is tol d . ' ' 

• • P.eware \ onr Nortlu-rn laurels do not turn toSontliern ^^^llo\vs " 

Charleston. 

Camden. 

Treason of Arnold. 

Marion and Sumter. (King's Mountain.) 

SEVENTH YEAR OF THE WAR— 1781. 
•■'I'lie linal strnirgle.'- 

Aniold's Depredations. 
Cow pens. 

Greene's Retreat (Guilford Court House). 
Eutaw Springs. 

Vorktown (-'Past two o'clock and Cornwallis i^ 
taken"). 



26 BEVOLUIIONAUY WAR. 

The Close of The War. 



The eighth anniverBary' of the battle of Lexington .—April 19, 17H35. 

"With a heart full of love and gratitude, I now take leave of 
you." — Washington, Dec. i, 1783. 



Treaty of Peace — Preliminary treaty November 
30, 1782. A cessation t)t' iiostilities was 
proclaimsd April 19, 1783. Final treaty 
was made at Paris September 3, 1783. 

^^Let that courteous, beneficial education^ ^-elevate 
my depraved intellect with thy^^pure, sublime, 
beneficent simplicity b^' giving vividly^ ^to me 
noble motives, ^^thus perpetuating every sensible 
notion^ ^concerning court'^sy to mankind^ ^and 
conseqently gilding eternally your ^-thoughts. 

Note. — Counting the events in 1775, we find that 
there are 5 ; in '7G, 6 ; in '77, 7 ; in 78, 4 ; in '79,5 ; 
in '80, 4; in '81, 5.— No. 5,674,545. By using 
this number, the student will have no trouble in 
pointing off the verse. Pupils should be drilled 
in pointing off the verse, so that they can easily 
tell in what year each event occurred. 



DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE COMMITTEE. 

Jefferson, Franklin, Adams, Sherman, Livingston. 
Justice forms a shining: liffht. 



MAJOR ANDREWS CAPTUREK8. 

Paulding, Van Wart, Williams. — Pure virtue wins. 



27 



CnnfBdEratian and Uninn 



Wc are one nation to-day and thirteen to-morrow. * " — Washington 



Condition of the country. 
Finances. 

Jealousies between tlie States. 
Kinds of Government. 
Confederate, 

Time and Duration. 
Articles of Confederation. 

Preparatix)n, adoption and ratification 
Peculiarities and defects. 
National convention. 
' By whom called. 
Objects. 
Results. 
Federal. 

Time and Duration. 
Constitution. * 

Its origin and six objects. 
Adoption and ratification. 
Provisions. 

Legislative Department. 
Senate, 

House of Representatives 
Executive Department. 
President, 
Cabinet. 
Judicial Department. 



For complete outline, see p. T. of Outlines, 



28 IIELP^ 7A HlSTOTY. 

TEK GREAT STEPS 111 FCLITICAL PHOGRESS.. 

i()8(). First Colonial Congress, representing four 
colonics, met at New York, to provide 
meana of union for defense, against the 
French. 

17G5. Second Colonial CoDj^ress, representing 
nine colonies, met at S^ew York, to avert 
conflict with Great Britain. 

1771. First Continental Congress, representing: 
eleven colonies, met at Philadelphia. 

1775. Second Continental Congress met al Pidla- 

delphia. 

1776. Articles of Confederation were laid before 

Cona'ress. 

1777. Adoption of the Articles of Confederation 

by congress, at Yorktown. 

1781. Ratification of the Articles, and the thirteen 
States become a Confederation. 

1787. Adoption of the Constitution at Pliihidel- 

phia h}^ a convention of twelve States, 

1788. Ratification of the Constitution by eleven 

States, and they become a firm Uxiox. 

1781). National Government was organized accord- 
ing to the provisions of the Constitution. 

Verse. — From some live sections, articles are reg- 
istered and rightly numbered. 



QUESTIONS AND QUERIES. 

1. What were the causes of the Revolution? 

2. Repeat the verse for the Revolutionary war. 
^. What is the No. used in jx^'ining off the yi^^n^t^'i 
4. For what is the fourth of Jiilv memorable? 



ij. 



'Hi- 



Who wrote the Dech^ration of Independence? 
(). Give verse and name of committee. 

7, Give Major Andre's captiuers. 

8. When was the ''Stars and Stripes" ado})ted ;\^ 

an emblena of our nationality ? and when and 
where was the first flag made? 
ij. Give an account of Benedict Arnold's treason. 

10. Write the verse off and pointing to the tir^t 

letter of each W3rd name the events of the 
war, giving year in which each occurred. 

11. Give an account of the invasion of Canada. 

12. Write an account of W^ashington up to 1775, 

13. Tell what the Congress of 1775 did. 

U. Give an account of five events of 1775. 

15. " •' six " 1776. 

16. '• '' seven " 1777. 

17. Tell the story of Valley Forge. 

18. Give a sketch of Burgoyne's Campaign. 

19. Where did Burgoyne surrender? 

20. Give four events of 1778. 

•21. Give an account of the massacres of Wyomin,^ 
and Cherry Valleys. 

22. On what mission were Deane, Franklin and Lee 

sent? 

23. Give an account of Tryon's depredations. 
M. Give an account of five events of 1779. 

25. " " four events of 1780. 

26. " '' five events of 1781. 

27. Tell something of Paul Jones.. 

28. What were the terms of peace? 

29. What induced the colonies to make a c]os#*f 

union? 

30. Give a full account of the Ten Steps in Political 

Progress. 

31. Give verse for the same. 

32. When were Articles of Confederation adopted ? 

33. When was the Constitution adopted? 

34. In what battle was Betty Stark the watchword ';f 

35. Where is the "Cradle of Liberty?" 

•36. Where did a fog save our army? A rain? 

37, How did a half willed boy once save a fort fornix 

capture? 

38, What battle occurred when both armies werc^ 

marching to make a night attack upo!^ 
each other? 

39, What general ru&hed into battle without orders? 

and w^on it? 



30 HELPS IN HlSTOliY: 

iO. By whom, and under what circumstanee, warv 
the expression used, "Give me liberty or ^ive 
me deat'^."/ 

41. In what battle did Washington show the mos^ 
brilliant generalship? 

•12. Name some celebrated foreigners who ha ve- 
to ugh t for us. 

43. What rendered Valley Forge memorable? 

44. Who was "Poor Richard.'? 

45. AVhat battle did Gen. Gates win? Lose? 

46. What battles did Washington win ? Lose?' 

47. Ought Andre to have been executed? 

48. What was meant by "Writs of Assistance" ? 
41). What was meant by the "minute men"? 

50. Was Washington ever wounded in battle? 

51. What was don e with Dorr? 

52. Wh o was Washington's strongest rival ? 

53. Who were the ''Green Mountain Boys"? 

54. What fort w^as carried by a midnight assault? 
55. What was the "Conway Cabal"? 

r,(i. Who vvas the "Carolina Game C 3ck''? 

57. Who was the ''Bayard of the South"? 

58. Who said, ''Hunger is the best sauce"? 

59. What colonel with four men captured five? 

British vessels (four of them loaded witl> 
heavy guns) and a detachment of the armyV 
Colonel White captured Captain French oi> 
the Ogeechee, by stratagem. 

(U). Who was Old Put? 

61. Was the Continental Congress in session when; 

Ethan Allen demanded the surrender of Ti- 

conderoga? 

02. Who vvas Paul Jones? 

63, What early document contains the germ of the^ 

Articles of Confederation and of the Constitu- 
tion.^ The plan of perpetual union proposec^ 
by Banjamin Franklin, in 1754. 

64. When did a house save the British from defeat V 






National Period 
1789- 



'E Pluribus Unum 



W ISHINGTON'S ADMINISTKATION. 
1789-1797. 

' 'The father of his country. ' ' 
■ '^Urst in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen. ' ' 

1789 — Washington, first President. 

1789 — Adams, Vice-President. 

^Jefferson, Secretary of State, 

^, 1 Hamilton, '' ' Treasury. 

Cabinet { ^^^^^ ,, ,, ^y^^ 

(^Randolph, Attorney General. 
1789 — Chief Justice, John Jay. 
1789 — North Carolina ratifies the Constitution. 
1790 — Rhode Island ratifies the Constitution. 
1790 — Seat of government at Philadelphia. 
i791 — Bank of the United States chartered. 
1791---DEFEAT of St. Clair. 
1791 — Admission of Vermont intothe Union. 
1792 — Admission of Kentucky into the Union. 
i792 — Washington re-elected Presideni. 
1792 — Adams re-elected Vice-President. 
1793— Genet, French Minister in Philadelpbi;i. 
1794 — Whisky Insurrection. 
1794 —Wayne's Victory. 
1795— Jay's Treaty. 
1795 — Algiers Treaty. 

1796 — Admission of Tennessee into the Union. 
1796 — Election of Adams and Jefferson. 
^Vashington certainly deserved America's grati- 
tude, which Was justly awarded.* 

* The number of topics included in the verses for the several pres- 
j'lentialternis correspond to the number of years that each prc^sl- 
4 eni served. 



■^il HELP^ 1 N HISTO R 1 -; 

JOHN ADAMS'S ADMINISTRATIOX. 

1797—1801. 

- -Thi? Firm federalist . " ' "The ColoBsiis of lndepen<U'nce. ' ' 

' 'Millions for defense but not a c'^nt for tribute. " ' 

i71>7 — Adams, President. 

i.797 — Jefferson, Vice-l^resident. 

1798 — Wak with France. — The ''Quasi War.** 

1791) — Washington died at Mount Vernon. Dee. 

14th, a. ()7.— '-'Tis well." 
1800 —Treaty with France. 
1800 — Indiana Territory organized, 
1800 — Alien and Sedition Jaws passed. 
1800- Seat of government changed from I'hila- 

delphia to AYashington City. 
1800 — Election of Jefferson and Burr. 

Ahams was wise and sincere. 

JEFFERSON'S ADMINISTRATION. 

1801--1809. 

' 'The Sage of Monti cello . ' " 

• 'Writer of the Declaration of Independence. ' ' 

"Pte fired his pistol in the air. ' ' 

1801 — Jefferson, President. 
1801 — Burr, Vice-President. 
1802 — Admission of Ohio into the Union. 
1803 — WAii with the Barbary States, (Decatur). 
i80o-~PLK0HASE of Louisiana for $15,000,0(^0. 
1804 — Hamilton killed by Burr in a duel. 
1804 — Jefferson re-elected President. 
1804 — George Clinton, Vice-President. 
^i80eO — Michigan Territory organized. 
.1805— Expedition of Lewis and Clark. 
180G — Blum's conspiracy. 
1807— Embargo Act, 
1807 — Steamboat invented by Fulton. 
1808— Election of Madison and Clinton. 
Jkfferson's administration wiis perfectly hariiKJui- 
ous, excepting Burr's evil schemes. 



MADISON'S ADMINISTEATIOX. 

1809-1817. 
' 'The True Republican . * ' 

1809 — Madison, President. 

1809— Clinton, Vice-President. 

1809 — Harrison's treaty at Fort Wayne. 

1811— Tippecanoe Battle. 

1812— War of 1812. 

1812 — Admission of Louisiana into the Union. 

1812 — Re-election of Madison. Gerry, V.-Pres. 

1816 — Admission of Indiana into the Union. 

1S16— Algiers War. 

1816 — Election of Monroe and Tompkins. 

Madison, having this worthy accomplishment. 
readily acquired an education. 



War Df 1B12 



' ' The Right of Search . ' ' 
Free Trade and Sailor's Rights. 



r Brownstown. 
Events, 1812 <| Detroit surrendered. 
( Queenstown. 

fFrenchtown. 
Toronto. 
Fort George, 
Events, 1813 <( Fort Meigs. 
Fort Mims. 
Thames. 
Crvsler's Field. 



n 



HELPS IN HISTORY. 



at Niaoara, or 
[Luiidy's Lane. 



EvENrs. 1814 



Event. 1815 



1 2 



Be 



(^Emucfau. 
Horseshoe Bend 
Chippewa. 
Miller's hraverv 

Erie (Ft.). 
Bladensburg. 
Washington Captured. 
Plattsburg. 
McHenry (Ft.). 
Hartford Convention. 
Florida Invaded. 
Treaty of Peace. 
Orleans (New). — ' 'Behind the Cot- 
ton bales," 
dauntless, quiet, ^^faithful to friends, tha 



conscience,^ '^earth's highest counselor, may extend 



blesrings which purify many 
1 ^ordeals. 

Note. Use the word "feoff" 
this v^ ar into its yearly events. 



hearts for trying 
for pointing off 

1312, 



NAYAL BATTLES OF THE WAR 0'. 
' • Don't give np the ship ! ' ' 
' 'We have met the enemy and they are ours . ' ' 

American. British. Whe'e fought. 

Freaident and Little Belt. — Off Virginia coast. 
^^Constitution " Guerriere. — Off Massachusetts. 



Wasp 

United States" 

Constitution 
1-3 Hornet 

Chesapeake 

Argus 

Enterprise 

Lawrence 
i^Essex 
^^Constitution ' 

Hornet ' 



Frolic— Off North Carolina. 
Macedonian. — Near Canary Is. 
Java.— Off San Salvador. 
Peacock. — Off Demaraia. 
Shannon. — Massachusetts Bay. 
Pelican. — l>ritish Channel. 
Boxer. — Off coast of Maine. 
Dt-tioit. — L:ike Erie. 
I'luebe. —Harbor of V^alparaiso. 
Levant.- -Off Madeira Island. 
PeniruiiK — Off BraziL 



35 



Public laws ^-cannot govern with favor unless 
man can judge^-^how^ powerfully Congress secures 
and passes every bill legitimately declaring ^^ex- 
})ressed powders, ^^controlling lawfully bis princi- 
ples. 

Note. The word "Check" may be used in pointing 
off the verse for the naval battles. It will be no- 
ticed that in this verse, the words go in pairs— the 
lust and second words standing for the lirst battle, 
the third and fourth w^ords for the second battle, the 
fifth and sixth words for the third battle, and so on 
through the verse; and that the first word of each 
]mir stands for the American vessel and the second 
for the British vessel. 



MGiN ROE'S ADMINISTRATION, - 

1817-1825. 

^'Tbe Poor but Spotless President. ' ' 

' 'The era of good feeling. ' ' 

17 Monroe, President. 

17 Tompkins, Vice-President. 

17 Admission of Mississippi into the Union. 

18 Admission of Illinois into the Union. 

19 Admission of Alabama into the Urion. 

19 Purchase of Florida from Spain, $5,000,000. 

20 Monroe re-elected President. 

20 Tompkins re-elected Vice-President. 

20 Admission of Maine into the Union. 

20 Compromise (Missouri). 

21 Rise of the Slavery agitation. 

21 Admission of Missouri into the Union. 

23 Monroe Doctrine. 

24 V^isiT of LaFayette. 

25 House of Representatives elect President, 
Monroe, always pure and consciencious, acquired 

many virtuous habits. 



:^><j 



J. Q. ADAMSS ADMINISTRATIS^. 

1825- 1829. 
• 'The old man elO(|uent . ' ' "The* Walking- Vocabulary . ' 

25 — Adams, President. 

25 — Calhoun, Vice-President. 

26 — Treaty with the Creek Indians. 

26— Death of Jefferson and Adams, July 4th. 

28 — Tariff question agitated. 

28 — Election of Jackson and Calhoun. 

Adams truly deserved the eulosfy. 



JACKSON'S ADMINISTRATION. 

1829-1837. 

- ' ' The;Fightiiig President , " "Old II i ckory . ' ' 

' *To ttie victors "belong the spoils. ' " 
''The Union 1 It must and shall be pre.^erved." 
' Lii)erty and Union, now and jorever, one and inseperable. * "" 
' 'I wonld rather he right than he President . ' ' — Clay. 

29 — Jackson, President. 
29 — Calhoun, Vice-President. 
32 — Debate between Hayne and Webster 

[Carolina. 
o2 — Nullification doctrine declared l)y South 
:]2— War with Black Hawk. 
32 — Jackson re-elected President. 
32 — Van Buren, Vice-President. 
34 — Indian Territory organized. 
35-39 — Seminole War. 
36 — Admission of Arkansas into tlie Union. 
36 — Election of Van Buren and Johnson. 
37 — Admission of Michigan into the Union. 
Jackson denounced nullification v. ron^in sirong 
and (n forcible artiitles. 



VAV BUREN'S ADMINISTRATION, 

1837—1841. 

'•Tlie shrcnvd Statesman.'' 
"The lirst President born after the KevoLution.'" ' 

87— Van Buren, President, 
37 — Johnson, Vice-President. 
87 — Panic in finances. 
37— Sub-Treasury Bill. 
39 — Nauvoo founded by the Mormons. 
10- -Hard Cider and Log Cabin Campaign. 
40— Election of Harrison and Tyler. 
Van Buren possessed some noble habits. 



HARRISON ^^Ni) TYLER'S ADMINISTRA ITON. 

1841—1815. 

' 'The Hero of Tippecanoe/' ' "The Accidental Pre»i<lent.' ' 
' 'Tippecanoe and Tyler too.' ' 

41 — Harrison. President. 

41 — Tyler, Vice-President. 

41— Harri-^on's death one month after his inau- 

Sjuration, and Tvler becomes President. 
41— Repeal of Sub-Treasury Bill. 
41. — Veto of the United States Rank Charter riU'l 

re^io^nation of the President's cabinet. 
42 — \\ ebster-Ashburton Treaty. 
43 — Dorr's Rebellion in Rhode Island. 
44 — Magnetic Telegraph invented by Morse, 
44— Election of Polk and Dallas. 
45 — Admission of Texas into the Union. 
45 — Admission of Florida into the Union. 
Harrison and Tyler were doubtless much admired. 



38 



HELPS IJS HISTOTY. 



POLK'S ADMINISTRATION. 

1845-1849. 

' ' The Young Hickory of Democracy. ' ' 
' ' Fifty-four forty or Jfight. " * : All Oregon or nont» , ' 

45 Polk, President. 

45 Dallas, Vice President. 

45 Annexation of Texas. 

-46 Wau declared against Mexico. 

4:6 Smithsonian Instntion organized. 

4:6 Admission of Iowa into tbe Union. 

16 Northwestern boundary fixed at 49 ^ . 

48 Department cf the Interior organized. 

48 Guadalupe Hidalgo treaty. 

48 Wisconsin admitted into the Union, 

48 Gold discovered in California. 

48 Election of Taylor & Fillmore. 

Polk was a good governor. 

Mexican War. 

"General Taylor never surrenders." 
"A little more grap?, Captain Bragg." 



{Fsilo Alto, 
Rasaca de la Palma , 
Matamoras, 
EvEXTS, 1846. <( Monterey, 

Fremont in California — '-The 
Path-finder of the Rocky Mts.^^^ 
Doniphan's March. 
(^Buena Vista, 
Vera Cruz, [captured/'' 

Cerro Gordo — ''The wooden leg 
Events, 4847. <| Contreras. 

Churubusco, 
Molino del Rev, 
Chapultepec. 



NATIONAL PEBIOIK 3i> 

Verse. — ^^Piire religion makes man's faith 
divine* 'by virtually conferring clear conscien- 
cious moral control. 

Note. In 1846 there are G topics, and in '47, 7. 



TAYLOB AND FILLMORE'S ADMINISTEATION 

1849—1853 

" Old Rongli and Ready/ ^ ''Second Accidental President " 
"I have tried to do my duty. "--Taylor's last words'. 

49 Taylor, President. 

49 Fillmore, Vice President, 

4\' New Mexico Territory organized, 

49 Renewal of the Slavery agitation. 

50 Taylor's death July 9th. 

50 Fillmore becomes President July 9th. 

50 Admission of California into the Union. 

50 Omnibus Bill. [eminent. 

50 Texas cedes territory to the general gov- 

51 Lopez's expedition. 

52 Louis Kossuth's visit. 

51 Fugitive Slave law. 

52 Election of Pierce and King. 
Taylou and Fillmore are of like faith. 

PIERCE'S ADMINISTRATION. 

1853-1857. 

"The Yankee President." 
"Bleeding Kansas.' ' "Popnlar Soverei^ity.'* 

53 Pierce, President. 

53 King, Vice-President. 

53 Route for a Pacific Railroad explored. 

53 Gadsden purchase. 

53 Arctic expedition of Kane. 

53 — 60 Walker's filibustering expeditions. 

54 OsTEND Manifesto* 
54 Treaty with Japan. 



10 IlELPty IN HISTOBT. 

54 — World's Fair at New York. 
54 — Martin Koszta Affair. 

54 — Kansas-Nebraska Bill -''Tiie Litiie Giant.' 
54 — Kansas civil war. 

54 — Election of Buciianan and Breckenridge. 
Fierce gratuitously offered to work. 



BUCHANAN'S ADMINlSTEATION. 

1857-*1861. ~^ 
. V ' 'The Bachelor President.' ' 

57 Buchanan, President. 

57 Breckenridge, A^ice-Pr6sident. 

57 Dred Scott r)eeision. 

57 Mormon Rebellion in Utah. 

57 Personal Liberty BilJ. 

58 Telegraph Cable, first across the Atlantic. 
58 Minnesota admitted into the- union. 

58 Paraguay Troubles, n, 

58 Admission of Oregon into the Union. 

59 Washington Irving's death, aged 70. 

GO Walker's filibustering schemes defeated. 

60 Election of Lincoln and Hamlin. 
GO SouiH Carolina secedes. 

61 Star of the West lired upon*. 

61 Ten Southern States secede*;;^^ -- * 
.61 Confederate Congress met af Montgomery 
Alabama, February 4th and the ConfecU 
erate States of America organized Febru 
ary 8th, with Jefferson Davis President, 
and Alexander H. Stevens, Vice-President 

Buchanan denounced the Southern Confederac}'. 

For list of seceded States, see page 'y2. 



LINCOLN AND JOHNSON'S ADMINISTRATION 

1861-1869. 
' 'Honest Abe." ' 'The Railsplitter. * ' 

^ 'Father of Emancipation." ' ' 'Third Accidental President. " 

CI Lincoln, President. 

Gl Hamlin, Vice-President. 

61 Civil War. 

61 SuMPTER (Ft,) tired upon April 12— '.-The 
first gun fired from a Confederate battery. 

61 First bloodshed, April 19, in Baltimore. 
61 Call by the President for 75,000 men. 

61 Call by the President for 500.000 men. 

(U Mason and Slidell captured. 

61 Admission of Kansas into the Union. 

63 Emancipation Proclamation, January 1. 

63 West Virginia admitted into the Union. 

63 President orders drafts for 200,000 troop?. 

64 President calls for 300,000 men. 
64 Nevada admitted into the Union. 
64 Lincoln re-elected President. 

64 Andrew Johnson elected Vice-President. 

65 Lee's surrender April 9th — close of War. 

Lincoln's Assassination April I4th, and 
death 15th — Johnson becomes President. 

65 Proclamation, Amnesty 

ij^ Tennessee re-admitted into the Union, 

^^^ Atlantic Cable laid. 

67 Alaska purchased for $7, 200, 000. 

67 Nebraska admitted into ttie Union. 

^^ Seven seceded states re-admitted ^into the 
Union —Arkansas, Alabama, Georgia, 
Florida, Louisiana, N. and S. Carolina. 

68 Impeachment of President Johnson and his 

acquittal. 
68 Election of C4rant and Colfax. 

Lincoln and Johnson served most ardently every 
loyal principal at stake. 



42 HELPS IN HlSTOItY. 

ThE Civil War. 

"This is a nation and not a league. ' ^--Andrew JacKSon 



CAUSES.* 

1. Different construction put upon the national 

Constitution by the people of the North and 
South. 

2. System of labor in the North and in the South. 
o. Want of intercourse between the people of the 

North and the South. 
-I. Publication of sectional books. 
5. Evil influence of demagogues. 

Verse. — Did slavery work public evil? 



FIRST. YEAR OF THE WAR— 1S61. 

• > / ' On to Eiclimond ! " 
""See, tiiere's Jackson Btanding like a stone -wa]!''' 

Sumpter (Fort). 
Bull Run. 

SECOrlD YEAR OF TB[E YV AR— 1862. ' 

"I propose to move immediately upon yonr -works. '^--Grant. 
" Til e Battle of the Iron Ships.'' 

Henry and Donelson (Forts). [box." 

Monitor and Merrimac- -''The Yankee Cheese- 
Shiloh. — '''i'he old log church." 

* The following' are snhordin ate cans;es: Missouri Compromise, 
-Niillilication, Annexation of Texas, Fufcitiye Slave Law, Kansas- 
Nelnaska Bill, Dred Scott Decision, John Bro^^^l's Kaid, and the 
ajiitation of Slavery question by Abolitionists— all growing: out of 
Slavery. Tlie election of a Northern man for rrosident, the seces- 
sion of States, and the attack on Fort Sumpter are the immediate 
causes of the war. 



43 



AViiliamsburg. 

Fair Oaks. 

Seven Days Battle. 

Cedar Mountain. 

Antielam. 

Munfordsvilie.. 

luka. 

Corintb. 

Perryville. 

Fredericksburg. 

^lurfreesborougb.. 

THIRD YEAR OF THE Yv~AR— 1333. 

"The Turniiig point of the war.'' 

We shall nohly save, or meanly lose the last best hope of t-arth.^ ' 
— Abraham Lincoln. 

Froelamatiou (Emancipation. ) 

Chancellorsvilie. 

Gettysburg. 

Vicksburof, 

Morgan's Rakl. 

Siege of Chiekamauga.— (Chattanooga.) 

Lookout Mountain. 

Missionary Eidge. 

FOURTH YEAR OF THE WAR— 135^. 
' *'I will fight it out on this line if it talies all Br:mmer."— Grant, 
ur 

Red Eiver Expedition. 

Vrilderness. 

Spottsylvania. 

Sheridan's Eaid. 

Harbor (Cold). 

Atlanta. 

Fetersburg, 

Down to the Sea. — Sherman 

FranKlin and Nashvihe, 



U HELPS IN J7/6 TOR 3 



CLOSE OF THE WAF. 



I8G0. 
' .Men, wo liave fought Ihroiigli this war together, J have done 
the best I coukl for yon.' '—Lee. 

Richmond burnecl. 
Lee's Surrender. 

^^^Sin becomes,^ ^however, more severe when fol- 
^ .lowed so closely, and may irradicate christain 

A^-^-^y-J^iS^^i^gixis from many^jure characters, giving vice 
' more sway, leaving many '^'^religious works scarcely 
supported here, and partially destroying free re- 
ligious liberty. 

Note. Use the word Herring for pointing off the 
above verse — following the directions for pointing 
off the verses for the other wars. 



GEANT'S ADMINISTEATION. 

18f9-1877. 

* 'The SUent President/ ' 

' 'Bright on the banner of lily and rote, 
Lo! the last snn of our century sets/' 

I' 'The AtlanUc wedded to the Pacific. '^ 

69 Grant, President. 

69 Colfax, Vice-President. 

69 Pacific Railroad completed— ''The Golden 

spike." 

70 Fifteenth Amendment adopted. 

70 States re-adraitted into the Union: Virginia, 

Mississippi and Texas. 

71 Burning of Chicago. O'Leary's cow. 



45 

72 Alaua^^ia claims settled, 

72 Grant re-elected President. 

72 Wilson elected Vice-President. 

72 Great fire in Boston. 

72 Boundary dispute between the United States 

and Great Britian settled. 

73 Modoc War. 

73 Credit Mobilier investigation. 

73 Crisis in Finance. 

74 Sumner (Charles) died, aged Go. 
70 Centennial Celebration. 

76 Colorado admitted into the Union. 
7G SiOLX War. 

77 Settlement of the disputed Presidency by a 

Joint High Commission. 
C4rant's political success and great military career 
closed suddenly. 

HAYES'S ADMINISTRAl^ION. 

1877-1881. 

' • The Policy President /' * 

"He serves Ms party best, who sers^es his country best." 

77 Hayes, President. 

77 Wheeler, Vice-President. 

77 Nez Perce War. 

77 Remonetization of Silver. 

78 Halifax Fishery Commission awards Great 

Britian §5,500,000. 
78 Yellow Fever Epidemic. 
78 Establishment of Chinese P^mbassy in the 

United States. 

78 Establishment of Life Savin gService of I .S. 

79 Specie Payment resumed. 

79 Grant's tour of the world completed. 

80 Census— 50,155,783. 

80 Election of Garfield and Arthur. 
Hayes had your entire confidence. i.v- , 



4G HELPS IN inSTOBY. 

GAEFIELD AND ARTHUE'S ADMINIbTKATION. 

1881—1885. 

' 'The Teacher President/ ' ' 'Fmixth Accidental. ' '' 

<S1 Garfield. President. 

81 Arthur, Vice Presideut. 

81 Star Route frauds. 

81 Assassination of President Garfield by 
Charles J. Guiteau, July 2. d, Sept. 19. 

81 Arthur becomes President, Sept. 19. 

81 Yorktown Centennial. 

82 Execution of Guiteau. 
82 Longfellow's death. 

82 Greely Expedition. 

^2 Floods in the Mississippi Valley— 100,000 
persons left homeless. 

82 Chinese Immigration forbidden for 10 yrs. 

83 The Brooklyn Bridge— 5,989 feet long.*' 
83 Civil Service Bill. 

83-4^0hio floods. 

83 Tariff Bill. . ^ 

84 Riot in Cincinnati. 

84 IClection of Cleveland and Hendricks. 

84 Completion of the Washington Monument 

Dec. 6 — the highest structure in the v;crld — 

555 feet h.igh. 

84 Opening of the World's Industrial and 

Cotton Centennial Exposition at New 
Orleans, Dec. 

85 Washington Monument Unveiledi, Feb.-, 2i. 

GAiiFiELDand Arthur are ever greatly reverenced. 

HJ^" In the outlines for the colonics and the presidential terms, 
only the most important events are included in the verses . This is 
thou.^ht best, since the class should not try to commit a great 
number of dates. It would he better to commit the dates of the 
presidential terms rather than try to remember all the dates of the 
verses. Let the i^upil, in givingra'verse andtlie events, give the 
dete of that President's term of oillce. 



47 

CLEVELAND'S ADMINISTRATION. 

1885-18—. 

,'"Vc-toii]g President." 

85 Cieveluud, President. 

85 Hendricks, Vice-Presideot. 

^ Secn-etars' of State, Bayard. 

! '- -'- Treasury, Faircliild. 

I ^- '■ War, Endicott. 

Cabinet, s! Attorney General, Garland. 

! Postmaster General, Vilas, 

I Secretary of Navy, Whitney. 

( •' '• Interior, Lamar. 

85 CtRant's deatii. 
85 Vice-President Hendricks' death. 
85 Troubles in Oklahoma. 

85 CoTxbx Centennial Exposition at Xew Or- 
leans closed in June. 
8(3 HoAFv Succession BiTl. 

Cleveland gained the contest, however. 

The following blank form may be tilled out ^ith 
a pencil and, as cabinet olMcers change, the nariaes 
erased and the blank nlleci out again: 

(Name of President .) 

gABINET. 

Sec'y cf State, 
Sec'y of Treasury, 
Sec'y of War, 
Attorney General, 
Postmaster General, 
Sec'y of Navy. 
Sec'y of Interior, 



48 



HELPS IN HISTORY. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 





PRESIDENTS OF UNITED STATES, 




Washington 


, Jackson, Fillmore, 


Hayes, 


Adams, 


Van Buren, Pierce 


Garfield, 


Jefferson, 


Harrison, Buchanan, 


Arthur, 


Madison, 


Tyler, Lincoln, 


Cleveland, 


Monroe, 


Polk, Johnson, 




Adams, 


Taylor. Grant, 





With a just motive Mr. Andrew Jackson ventured, 
however, to pursue those firm principles, before 
letting J. G. Hayes go after council. 



Louisiana, 

Florida, 

Mexican Cession '' 

Gadsden Purchase, '* 

Alaska, '' 



PURCHASES OF UNITED STATES 

purchased in 1803 for $15,000,000. 



1819 
1848 
1853 
1867 



$5,000,000. 
^15,000,000. 
$20,000,000. 

$7,200,000. 



Little follies make great absurdities. 



STATES ADMITTED INTO THE UNION. 



Vermont admitted 
Kentucky ' ' 
Tennessee '' 
Ohio 

Louisiana ^' 
Indiana '' 

Mississippi " 
niinois 
Alabama 
Maine, 
Missouri 
Arkansas 



1791. Michigan admitted 1837. 

1792. Florida '' 1845. 
1796. Texas '' 1845. 
1802. Iowa '' 1846. 
1812. Wisconsin '' 1848. 

1816. California '' 1850. 

1817. Minnessota '* 1858. 

1818. Oregon '' 1859. 

1819. Kansas '^ 1861. 

1820. West Virginia'' 1863. 

1821. Nevada '' 1864. 
1836. Nebraska '' 1867. 

Colorado '' 1876. 

Virtue keeps them, of late, infinitely more inti- 



4k 
U 
C i 



ACTS AND BILLS, 49 

mate, and mitigates more and more faithfully their 
irresolute wills, conferring more ostensibly kind- 
nesses which never need criticising. 



MISCELLANEOUS. 

starving Time, (Salem Witchcraft 1692,) 1609-10. 

Negro Plot. ' 1741. 

Mason and Dixon Line, 1767. 

Massacre at Boston, 1770. 

Allen and Sedition Laws, 1800. 

Expedition of Lewis and Clark. 1804. 

Monroe Doctrine, 1823. 

Mormons, 1830-40. 

Tariff Question, 1832. 

Institution (Smithsonian), 1846. 

Discovery of Gold in California, 1848. 

Fugitive Slave Law. 1851, 

Lopez's Expedition, 1851. 

Dred Scott Decision, 1857. 

Alabama Claims, 1872. 
Credit Mol^ilier investigation, (Centenniar76) 1873. 

Financial Crisis, 1873. 

Hoar Succession Bill, 1886. 

Sin never made an existence more miserable than 
it did for Lucifer, driven and cast from Heaven. 



ACTS AND BILLS. 

Navigation Act, 1751. Treasury(Sub-) Bill, 1837. 

Importation Act, 1733. Wilmot Proviso, 1846, 

Stamp Act, 1765, Omnibus Bill. 1850. 

Boston Port Bill, 1774. Nebraska(Kan-)Bill,1854. 

Embargo Act, 1807. Specie resumption act '76, 

Mo. Compromise 1820. Chinese Bill 1882. 

Now, I shall beseech every man to work on no 
such conditions. 



50 HELPS lis HISTORY: 

REBELLIONS AND INSURrtECTIOXS. 

Claybonie's Reb.. 1G45. Whiskey (ns.. ITD-i. 

Bacon's .. 1676. Burr's Conspiracy 18 06. 

Calpepper's ,. 1677. Brown's Ins. 1851). 

Leislcr's Ins. 1688. Railroad Strike. 1877. 

Shay's Reb. 1786. 

Conscience becomes clear like sunshine, when 
beau tilled by religion. 

VERSE OF FIRSTS — FOR REVIEW. 

First Inhabitants. 
" Discoverers. 

'• Child — (Snorri and Virginia Dare.) 
''• Settlements. 

" Book, 1608. 

" Introduction of Slavery, 1619. 

'• House of Burgesses, 1619. 

'- Ballot Box, 1634. 

("Harvard, 1638. 

'' Colleges <( WiUiam and Mary, 1692. 

(Yale, 1701. 

'• Printing Press, 1638. 

'• Union of Colonies, e643. 

'' Paper Money, (Newspaper, 1704), 1690. . 

'' Post-office, ' 1610. 

'' Tea Introduced, 1720. 

'' RaU Road Constructed, 1827. 

" Telegraph Line, 1844. 

'' Telegraph Cable, 1858. 
I did complain sir, but 1 had been cruelly per- 
secuted under Pontius Pilate's terrible rough 
reatment. 

TREATIES OF INTEREST. 

Ryswick, 1697. Alcjiers, 1795. 

Utrecht, 1713. France (with), 1800. 

Aix la Chapelle, 1748. Ghent, 1814. 



51 



Paris. 1763. Webster- Ashburton 1842. 

\>rsailies, 1783. Guadalupe Hidalgo, 1858. 

Ferry's Treaty, 1854. 

Kelio^ion undoubtedly awards purer virtues aud 
finer graces, with grander principles, 

IXYEXTIONS AND INVENTORS. 

Lio-htnino; Rod invented in 1752 by Franklin. 

Cotton Gin, • '' '' 1793 '• Whitney. 

Steamboat, * '• " 1807 '^ FuUon,^ 

Flow (Cast Iron), '' '' 1819 '^ Wood. 

Telegraph, '' •' 1837 ^' Morse. 

Rubber (vulcanized)'- '' 1839 *• Goodyear. 

Machine (Sewing), '- ^- 1843 '' Howe. 

Harvesting Machine,'- '^ 1845 "- McCcrniick. 

Bridge at St, Louis, '' '• 18G7 ''- Eads. 

Telephone, " '^ 1877 '' Bell. 

Fhonograph(Taikiug) . " 1877 '•' Edison, Thos. 

Light (Electric), " '' 1878 " Thos. Edison. 

Let conscience staml preeminent that reason 
ay here be thy proper light. 

Franklin will find where Morse generated his 
magnetic electricity by examining that. 

NOTED NOVELISTS OF U, S. 

Cooper^ Fenimore, Ha>vthorne, Browp, Irving. 
Tai-: Novf:lI':t can follow his best imaginations. 

NOTED HISTORIANS OF U. S. 

Hildrelh, Sparks, Motley, Lossing, Frescott. 
Irving, Fleadiey, Bancroft. 

This Historian has shown nrich less prejudice in 
his biographies. 



o2 HELPS IK HISTORY. 

NOTED POETS OF U. S. 

Halleck, Willis, Foe, Freneau, Whittier, Lowell, 
Lon^fello^, Bryaat, Emerson, Dana. 

FoETS had written poetiy freighted with love long 
before Emerson died. 



NOTED JOURNALISTS OF U, 3. 

Bryant, Greeley, Bennett. 
JouKNALTSTS bu\^ good books. 



NOTED SCULPTORS OF U. S. 

Fowers, Greenougb, Story, Hosmer. 
ScuLPTOKs possess great skill, however. 



NOTED PAINTERS OF U. S. 

West, Stuart, Fage, Trumbull, Copley, Sully, 

The Fainter who constantly strives secures the 
prize. 



NOTED ORATORS OF U. S 

Clay, Webster, Everett, Calhoun, Sumner^ >^ 

The Orator, who speaks enthusiastically, controls 
his conijregation 



THE ELEVEN CONFEDERATE STATES. 

South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, 
Florida, Georgia, Texas, Yirginia, Arkansas, North 
Carolina, Tennessee, 

Some men are leaving Florida, going to Yirginia 
and Northern Tennessee. 



QUESTIONS AND QUERIES. 

1. Gi\'e date of Washington's first inauguration. 

2. Name the presidents that have served two 



53 



terms in office. 
;^. Nauie those that died in office. 

4. Who was our bachelor president? 

5. Who assassinated President Lincoln? When? 
e. Who assassinated President Garfield? When? 
7. JName the members of our President's Cabinet. 
S, Who is now chief justice of United States? 

1>. Give causes -of the second war with England. 

10. Wnen, where, and by whom was the battle of 

Tippecanoe fought? 

11. Give an account of Hull's surrender at Detroit. 

12. Give verse and events of the War of 1812. 

13. Give cause, events, and verse of Mexican War. 

14. What was the "Monroe Doctrine"? 

15. What occasioned the great debate between 

Hayne and Webster in 1832? 
IG. How many and what States passed secession 
ordinances? Which one took the lead? When? 

17. Give the history of the formation of Southern 

Confederacy. 

18. Give causes of the Civil War. 

19. Give verse and events of this war. 

20. Who were Mason and Slidell? 

21. What was the Emancipation Proclamation? 

22. Give purchases of U. S. and cost of each. 

23. Give state admitted into the Union, 

24. Give all included in the Verse of Firsts. 

25. Give the Picbellions and Insurrections. 

26. Give theU. S. wars. 

27. Give the Treaties and dates of each. 

28. Give everything included in the Miscellaneous 

vorse. 
'29, What is the Civil Service Keform? 
ao. Name the Acts and Bills. Give dates and verse. 

31. Give the principal Inventions and inventors 

of the same, giving dates and verses, 

32. Name the noted Novelists of the U, S. The 

Historians, the Poets, Journalists, Sculptors, 
Painters, Orators, and Statesmen. 

33. Give an account of the Greely expedition. 

34. Name the Presidents in chronological order. 

35. What is meant by the Western Reserve? 

^6. What was termed *'The Palace in the W^ilder- 

ness"? 
37. Who said, "To the victors belong the spoils"^ 
3S. When and how often does Congress assemble? 
39. Who is president of the Senate? 



51 



40. Who is speaker of the House of Eepresenta- 

tives? 

41. Who is the Governor of your state? 

42. What is the meaning of E Pluribns Unum? 

43. ^yho administers the oath of office to the 

President ? 

44. What is meant by the "-Citv of the dead?" 
^:^15. Who is Petroleum V. Nasby? -David R 

_ Locke of the Toledo Blade 0833.) 

43. What officer in our R'overnment i-s known as 
"the cipher officer"? Vice-President, 

47. How much salary did President Grant draw? 

48 How is the District of Cohnnbia represented 
in Congress? — The same as any other ter- 
ritory. 

49. Who wrote the "Battle cry of Freedom"? 

^^50. What is meant by Mason and Dixon's Line? 

51. Who is Commander-iii-Chief of our Army? 

52. Whcit is 'TTncle Tom's C.ibin?" What is 

meant by the "Joint High Commission''? 

53. What is a Stcir Eoute? 

-54. W^hat was the ^'Cheese box on a. raft"? 
4)5. Who said *'Go west young man"'? 

.'oG. What President in his inaugural address used 

the expression, "With malice toward none. 

with charity for all?" 
57. What was the Confederate flag called? 
;58. Who wM^ the "Prince of American Lecters"? 

Washington Ir'ving. 
o9. Who sroppe 1 to kiss a shave child on his way 

to execution? John J3rovv-n, a.t Harpers 

Ferry, 
GO. Who is "Josh irilUngs?" Henry Yv. Shaw, a 

humerous writer of Mfissachusetts. 
/jl. Yviio issued th.e first National Tlianksgiving 

ProclannUion? Abraham Lincoln. 
m. \Yno vvas the "Cincinnattns of the West''? 
m. When do vre hold our Natioiuil election? 
6i. W' hat is meant by the "Latter^Day Saints"? 
65. Who is Mark Twain? Satniiei J. Clemens, 
fvi What state was once an'Inde[Vendent Eepub-. 



5^ 



i\l. What battle is callod"the b-ittle on tho hdiv se- 

tops" ? Moiiterey. __ 

tJS. Who were the rVbolitionists? i^'ilibusters?. 
*.'.L). For what did Eiisha Kent Kane search;^ 
','[}. What became of Walker the Filibuster? 

71. "Write a bio:4raphv of Jefferson Davis. 

72. Why did Dciniei Boone remove to Mis3 11- i? 

73. Wnere was Kit Carson's home? 

14:. What state is the "Mother of Presidents? 

75. Vv' hat is meant by ''He has gone up Salt liiver" ? 

76. Does a territorial representative bave a vote 

i!i Congress? 

77. How many men were called for during th€^ 

Civil War? 

78. What is meant by the "Associated Press"? 

79. '' '" " '' Grand Army of the Ee- 
public? 

80. What is meant by murder in the first degree"?. 

Second? Third-? 

81. What President went to the Capital in dis- 

guise? When? 

S2. Can you describe the great seal of the U. S.'? 

83. Was the IT, S. ever out of debt? 

84. Why are criminals hung on Friday? It Is 

only a custom. 

So. In which state are the counties called parish- 
es? Louisiana. 

■^ 6, How many Chief Justices have we hadf 

s7. W^ho is general of the army now? 

S8, Where is the U. S. military academy? Xaval? 

39. How did Jackson save the life of an Indian., 
babe? 

J). What Secretary CL State was stabbed in hi> 
own bed? 

91. Yv^hat President was the son of a President? 

92. Give the number of U. S. Senators. Eep- 

resentatives . 

93. What is meant by Acadia? 

91. What is meant by Dixie? 

Let each student fili out this list: down to tb-*? 
llSth gu estion . 



56 HELPS IJS HLSTOTY. 

118. Does a Territory have a legislature? 

119. Give an account of Morgan's raid in Ind. and O. 

120. What caused the duel berween Burr and Ham- 

ilton? 

121. Who was the first settler in your county? 

122. What is the length of a term of Congress? 

123. How do you determine the year in which a 

given Congress was in session? Double the 
Congress, add 1789, and you have the year in 
which Congress closed. 

124. How is the number of a Congress determined?' 

Take the given year, subtract 1789, and divide 
the remainder by 2, if even, but if odd, add 1 
and then divide. 

125. Use the foUewing 

HOW TO REVIEW HISTORY I 

1. Have averse placed on the blackboard, and 
pointing to the first letter of each word in the verse, 
have the pupils give the names, events, and dates. 

2, Call on each pupil in turn to name some person 
distinguished in the history of our country, and to 
state something that he did. 

?. To name some important battle, and tell some- 
thing about it. 

4. To name some settlement and tell who made it, 

5. Let one pupil describe some noted person, and 
allow the class to guess the name, 

6. Describe some important event, and let the 
class tell when and where it happened, 

7. Let one pupil think of some noted historical 
person, place or event, and the others ask questions 
to ascertain what is thought of by that pupil. 

8. Let one pupil think of some historical charac- 
ter, and then mention to the class one thing after 
another until some one is able to guess the name* 
The following is an example; The teacher or pupil 
remarks **I am thinking of a general who was called 
**Eough and Ready," or *'I am thinking of a battle 
that was fought on Sunday," or *'I am thinking of a 
settlement where slavery was first introduced." 
These, the other pupils are to answer. This is 
known as *'The Thinking Exercise," Try it. 

9. Review. Review! Review!! Review!!! 



U. S. Civil Government. 



3. 



Departments of the Government . 

Legislative. 

Execntive. 

Judicial . 
Define Government. Law, 
Kinds of Government. 



OUTLINE 0] 



'. s. cosrsTiTUTion. 



Definition. 
Formation . 
Time— 1787. 
Place— Philadelphia . 
Manner— By Federal convention . 
Adoption— By people of the State in convention. Art. VII. 
( Preamble. 
4 Divisions < Seven Articles . 

( Fifteen Amendments (Articles) . 
Preamble . 

I Six purposes of the adoption of the Constitution. 
Congress, or Legislative Department.— ARTICLE J. 
Section 1 . 
Senate §3*. 
Members. 
Classes § 2. 

Number— Two from each State. 
Term— Six years . 
Election— By State Legislature. 
Qualification. 

I Age, 30; Citizenship, years, § 0. 
I Resident of State, §3; Official discambrauco. § (>,-2. 
I Loyalty, Amend., Art. XIY, 3. 
Vacancies— How filled, Art. I, §2,4t. 
Privileges — Arrest, Questions, §6, 1. [tionerv. 

Salarv— $r).OO0; Mileage, 20 cents per mile; $125 for sta- 
Oath,'^Art.YI, §3. 
Quortim, Art. I, § 5, 1. 
President of the Senate, §3, 4. 
Powers and Duties. 
^ Legislative. 
] Judicial — In trying impeachments, 0. 

Number necessary to convict — two-third,>t present. 
Judgment in impeachment, 7. 
j 1 . Removal from office . 

2. Removal from office and disqualification. 
I Suject to further trial in courts. 
Elective . 
Vice-President, Amend. XII. 
President pro tempore, Art. I, § 3, .5. 
Senate officers. 
Executive. 
Appointments, Art. II, §2. 1. 
Treaties, 1. 



" If nu Article i&fl entioned. the last one given is referred to. 
t FiguK* vfawdin^f alone refer to paragraphs of the .sections. 



II 



HELPS ix\ msTOBY 



1) V s 1^ To judge ihe election, Tetnriis, and qiialificatio«s of wiem- 
I I I To establish rules of proceedings, 2. [bers, Art I, §o, 1. 
I I I To punish and expel members, 2.' 
I ! i To keep and publish a journal, *>. 
j j ' I To adjourn for three days without consent of the House, 4. 
j J House of Representatives, § 2, 1, 
i Members, 

Number— At present 32,'). 

Apportionment, o—Accordi ng to population. Now one for 
Term— Two years [everv loI,l)ll. 

Election, Time, Place, and Manner. 

C Age, 2r); Citizenship, 7 years: 
Quali-ications < Residence in State; Loyalty, A, XIV, 3: 

( Oiiicial Discumbrance,'Art. I, § (5. 2. 
Privileges— Arrest, Question, § U, 1. 
Oath— Art. YI, 3. Salary- -$5,0i')0. 
Quorum— Vrt. I, § 5, 1. 

Speaker of the House , 

I Salary, $8,000. 
Powers and Duties. 
Le.2.islative 

! Exclusive as to bills of Kevenue; §7.1 
I Concurrent. 

To originate all impeachments, § 2, 5. 
Elective. 

I President of U. S , Amend. XII. 
I House officers, Art. I, § 2. 
Special — Same as the Senate. 
! Powers of Congress (The Senate and House jointly), §§ 1 to lt<. 
Express. , 

To lay taxes, duties, etc. 
To borrow money. 
To regulate commerce. 

To establish rules of Naturalization and laws of Bankruptcy 
To coin money and regulate its value. 
To fix the standard of Aveights and measures. 
To fix the penalties for counterfeiting U. S. coins. 
To establish U.S. courts. 

To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal. 
To raise and sux)port armies and navies. 
To make rules for the government of the army and navy, 
Incidental. ^ [etc. 

I To purchase foreign territory. 
I To establish military and naval academJes. 
I To make internal iniprovements. 
! To create corporations. 

I To make all laws necessary to carry into effect 
I or plainly implied power of Congress. 
Duration— Each "Congress lasts for two years from the 4th of 

March of the odd years. No. of present Congress 

Sessions, § 4, 2. 

I Regular sessions— Annual . commencing first Moaday in De<^. 
I Special sessions— At call of President. " 
Laws. 
Passage. 
With President's consent. Art. II, § 7, 2. 
Without President's consent. 



an express 



Ill 



c Probibitoiis upon Congress. 

To suspend the v.rit of Habeas Corpus, . § '.). 
To pass bill of attainder, o 
To pass ex post facto law, 8. 
To lav taxes on exports from states, 5. 
To favor the commerce of particular States, ."5. 
To grant titles of nobility, 7. 

To establish religion or to prohibit its exercise, Amend. IX 
To abridge the freedom of speech cr of tbe press, [ment-. 
To den)- the right of assembling to petition the Govern- 
Executive Department— A KTICLE II. 
Object. 

1 To enforce the law. 
Officers. 

President of U. S. 
Qualifications. 
I Age: Citizenship, Birth. 
Term— Four years. 
Election. 

By Electors, Art. XII. 
'Number of electors — The number of Senators aiuT 
Chosen— As State Legislatures directlEepresentatives 
Voting— By ballot. 



I I 



Signing, sealing, certifying, 



and transmitting lists ot 
[vote>s. 



! I 



;tate 



[vote, 
having- one- 



Opening lists. 
I Counting votes. 
I Declaring results. 
By House of Representatives. 
'Votes- Taken by States— Each 
I Majority necessary to choice. 
Powers and 'Duties. 

Commander-in-chief of army and navy. Art. II. §1,1. 
Grants pardons and reprieves, 1. 

Makes treaties, provided two thirds of Senators concur 
Makes appointments, 2. 
I Removes officers. (Tenure of Office Bill) . 

Fills vacancies. 
' Recommends measures to Congress, §3. 
1 Sees that the laws are executed. 
Presidential Succession, 

The Hoar Succession Bill provides that, if, at any 
time, there be no President or Vice-President, the 
office of President shall devolve on the members of 
j the Cabinet in the following order : 
Secretarj^ of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary 
of AVar, Attorney General, Postmaster General, 
Secretary of Navy, Secretary of Interior. 
Vice President'of U. S. 

Elected— With the President by the Presidential electors; 

or by the Senate, in case of no choice by the electors* 
Term— i^our years. 

Qualifications— Same as for President ; but he canMOt be- 
Salary— $8,000. [chosen from same State as President . 
Powers and Duties . 
Presides over the Senate, auU gives casting vote in cas^ 
of a tie. In case there be no President, he succeeds t&> 
the powers- and duties of that office ., 



I I 



IV 



IJEirs IN HETOUY. 



I) o Cabinet (The Coiistitntioual advisers of tlie Presider.tj . 

I Officers— The Heads of the seven Executive Departments. 
Seckktauy of State— At the head of the State Depart- 
ment. Has charge of foreign and domestic aflfairB.. 
Se( RKTAK\ OF TiiKA^iuiiv— At the h.»ad of the Treasury 
Department. Has charge of collection and disburse- 
ment of public moneys. 
Sf.( KKTAHY OF WAii— At the headof the WarDexjartment-. 

Has charge of the army and militarj'^ affairs. 
Attokmcv Gfnehal— At the liead of the' Department of- 
Justice. The legal department of the Government. 
Po^ii mastfh^Gfxekal— At the head of the Postoltlce De- 
partment. Has charge of the iransmission and dis- 
tribution of mails . 
Si:<p.1';tahy of Xaa y— At tlie head of the Navy DeparV 

ment. Has charge of Navy and naval affairs. 
Sicf KKTAKY OF IxTFuioH — At the licad of the Interior 
Department . Has charge of public lands , i^nsionB. 
patents, education, Indians, etc. 
Appointed— By the President, Avith advice and consent ol* 

the Senate. 
Salary— $8,000 per year. 
Judicial De})artment— ARTICLE III. 
■ Object— To interpret the law. 
Vested in — Supreme and Inferior Courts. 
Judges . 

j Appoinied--By the Pres. with advice and consent of Senate. 
I Tenure of office(A. Ill, §J) --During life or good behavior, but 
I Refcired--on full salary after 70 yrs. of age and lOyrs. servico.. 
I Removable--B3' lmi)eachnient, and conviction before Senafe 
Courts. 

I Supreme Court , § 1 . 
1 Members. 

Chief Justice 

Eight Associate Justices 



I 



Salary--Chief Justice, $10,.')00, Ass. Justices each Jt>JO,0(K>. 
Terms of Court--One each year at Washington . 
<Jriginal Jurisdiction . 
All cases affecting ambassadors, consuls, ete. 
Controversies between two States; or 
■ j Between a State and citl/.en of another State: or 
1 Between a State and any foreign State: or 
I Detween citizens of a state and foreign State. 
Appellate Jurisdiction . 

I All cases of law and e«juity where the Inferior Courts* 
I I have original Jurisdiction . 

Inferior Courts. (U. S. Circuit and District Court -i) . 
I Jurisdiction . 

Cases between citizens of different States. 
Cases in w^hich U. S. is a party. 
Cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction. 
All crimes against the U. S. , but 
" The trial of crimes must be by jury; and 
Must be held iirState where the crime was commit :ed. 
Appeals to the iMipreme Conrt--may behad in all case;*^ 
in law and equity with such exceptions and rein^la*- 
tons a*-' Con gress'may make. 



i> (-• Circait Courts. 

Number of Circuits- -Nine, 

Judges— One to each Circuit, assisted b}' a Supreme Judge. 

saiarj^ of Circuit Judges— $6,000 

1 Terms- 

District Courts. 

i " 1 Number of Diistricts-- (One or more in each State) 

• ! Salary of District Judges-$3,500 to $.),000. 
Miscellaneous. 
States . 

Prohibitions . 
I To enter into a treaty or alliance. Art. I, § ]<>. •_>. 
To grant letters of marque and reprisal , -2 . 
\ To coin money or emit bills of credit, 2. 

To pass a laAV impairing the obligations of contracts, 2, 
To grant any title of nobility, 2. 
I To lay duties only to pay for inspection, 2. 
Powers'and Duties. 

To all poAvers not delegated to U. S. 
To protection . 

I Inform of GoTernment, Art. IV, § 4. 
I Against invasion, § 1. 
I I Against domestic yiolence, § I. 

i I To fugitives from justice, § 2, 'i. 
I ! To credit in records, acts, etc. , § 1 . 

Personal Rights. 

The right to freedom of worship, of speech . of the pref s . 

The right to bear arms . 

The right to domicile. Amend. III. 

The right to be secure against search and seizure, Am.]| 1\' . 

The right to be accused by a grand jury. Amend, V. 

Not be subject to two trials for the same crime. 

Not to be a witness against himself. 

Right to private property. 

Ri ght to j ury tr i al . Am eii dmen t \' I . 

Right to Avitnesses and counsel, 
1 To habeas corpus Avrit. 

' To be protected against unreasonable bail, excessive lines, 
Amendments , Art. V . [etc. , Amend . V III . 

HoAV proposed. 

I By tAVO-thirds vote in Congress. 

I By conA'entions. 

HoAV adopted, 

! By State Legislatures. _ 

1 By conventions in three-fourths of tlie States. 
Validity of Public Debt, Art, VI, 1. 
The Supreme LaAA' of the Land, 2. 
Oath of officers, 3. Treason, Art. Ill, § 3. 



Circuits and Circuit Judges. 

First Circuit— Maine, NH., Rhode Island, Mass; John LoAA'ell,Mass 
Second Circuit— Conn,, Vt., N. Y. ; W. J. Wallace, of Ncav York, 
Third Circuit— Penn., N, J,, De., Wm. McKennan. of Penn. 
Fourth Circuit-N. C, S, C, Md., Va., ^^\ Va.; H. L. Bond, Md. 
Fifth Circuit— Miss., La,, Ala,, Fla., Ga,. Texas: D.A.Pardee, La. 
Sixth Circuit— Ohio, Mich., Ka\, Tenn. ; John Baxter, of Tenn, 
Seventh Circuit— Ind., 111., Wis.: W. Q. Gresham, of Ind, [Kan, 
Eighth Circuit-Mo., la., Minn., Ark., Neb., Kan., Col.:D.J.BreAveT\ 
Ninth Circuit— Cal., Nevada, and Oregon; L. SaAvyer, of Cal. 



YI 



in U. S. Government' 



(Student's Statcj 



Kopreseiitation. 
j In Congress. 
! Senators. 

I I 



] i Representatives, 

I I NumlDer— One from each Congressional District 

i ' From Student ' s District No, . . , 



In Executive Department. 
I Officers furnished bv the State. 



j I Presidents, 



Vice-Presidents, 



• I Cabinet officers 

In the Judiciary. 
I Judft-es in U.S. Courts from the State. 



'2. No. of theU. S. Circuit in wliich the State lies 

:J. No. of U. S. Judicial Districts into which the State is divided 
i Eastern District. AVestern District. 



Northern District Southern District, 

i The States are not all divided alike. Let the student 

mark the ones into which his State is divided. 
Circuit Courts. 
1 Number— The number of Districts in the State. 



' Terms 
i Held.. 



I Circuit Judge- -At present . 
1 Supreme Judge that assists. 



District Courts, 
j Number— The number of Districts in the State 

1 Terms 

{ Held 

• District Judges 



YII 



Civil Government of Missouri. 



Outlins cf Th.e State Constit^ation. 



1 Deimiton. 

2 Adoption— Schedule, §§9-13 ^ , . ,^,^ , . ,-.,.., 

I Time— 1875, (The first was adopted ml 820, second, m ]^6;)). 

I Manner— By majority vote of the people, § 13. 
fPfeamhle. 
, ,-.. . . J Fifteen Articles. 
;3 DiYisions^^ Schednh?. 

J (^Ordinance 

i Preamhle. . , .. n 

\Ye, the people of Missouri, with profound reverence for 
the Supreme Ruler of the Universe, and grateful for his 
goodness, do, for the better government of tlie State, 
I establish this Constitution . " 
ARTICLE I. 
I Boundaries, § 1. 
ARTICLE II. 
I Bill of Rights. 
ARTICLE III. 
I Distribution of Powers . 
I i Legislative. 
! Executive. 
i Ju'licial. 
ARTICLE IV. 
I Legislature. 

I Consists of ScB ate and House of Representatives. 
; I Senate. 

I I Members. From .. Senatorial District , 

I ! ' I Number— Fixe<l at 34, § 5. 

j i ! I Elected— By the people of their respective distri 

'[ } Term— 4 years , § o . 

I I i I Qualification. 

I I I 30 years old; Male citizen of L"". S.; 3 years a voter 
] 1 in Missouri; Resident of the District he represents; 
I I i Must have paid a State and County tax within the 
i I I year next preceeding the election . 
I Salary, §16. 

■ Pel diem to be fixed by law. ($.") per day for 70 

days, or less, and $1 per day thereafter; $30 for 

' I stationery, postage and other incidental expenses; 

' I Mileage— A fixed sum for each countv 

i Classes, § 10. 

I I First Class— From odd Districts, elected every four 

r I years, beginning in 187(5. 

I Second ClasS'-From even Districts, elected every 
i I four years, beginning in 1878, 



i I 

! 1 
! I 

i I 



Till CONSTIl UTION OF MO. 



D L s Senatorial Districts, § '>, 






Powers, special. 

To try impeachments of the House. 
" choose a president pro tempore and other oMcers. 
" expel or punish its own members. 
" punish ijersons not members, ete. 
" adjourn from day to day, § 18. 
" adjourn for not more that .3 days, § 2.'> 
" judge of the election and qualification of its own 
*' originate bills, §26. [members, § 17. 

" sit with closed doors when, etc., § 19. 
" appoint committee to examine State institutions, § ir>. 
" amend or reject bills, §26. 
Quorum— Majority of members-elect, § IS. 
House of Eepresentatives , § 1 . 
Members. 

Number --Variable, at present 140, § 2. 
Elected— By the people, every tAvo yrs. , beginning in 1876, 
Term— 2 years, §2. 
Qualifications, § 4. 

I 24 years old, 2 years a voter in Mo. Other 
I qualification same as for Senators. 
Compensation— Same as for senators, § 10. 
I Apportionment, § 2-7. 

Speaker of the House 

Powers, special, § 17. 

I Sole power of impeachment. Other, i)owers same as Sen. 
Kequirements of the Legislature. 

As to assembling— Biennially, the first Wednesday after thf 
llrst of January next after general election, beginning 
with 1877, § 20. Governor can call extra sessions, § 20. 
" oath, §15. 

" secrecv of sessions, § 10. 
" style of all laws, Art YI, § 24. 
*' process of Legislation, § 25. 
I How bills are passed, § 2§-40. 
I I How a bill becomes a law, §§ 38, 39, 40. 

' 'Emergency clause, ^ * § 3(3. 
promulgating the statute laws, § 41. 
publishing journal of proceedings, etc., §42. 
appropriations of money, § 43. 

counting vote for executive oflicers, etc. , Art. V , § 3. 
i " joint and concurrent resolutions, §14. 
! In reconsidering a vote on a defeated bill , § 35 . 
Shall decide contested elections for Gov. and Lieu. Gov., § 25. 
" provide court-room at capital for Supreme court, A. VI, 
j " establish a probate court in ever>' county, §34. [§10. 
As to government of count}' c 3 LiTc, §}'». 
" regulation of Justices of the Peace, § 37. 
" registration of votes in cities. Art. VHI, § 5. 
" contested election cases, §39. 

" organization and classilicatlon of cities and towns. Art . 
•• fees of county officers, § 12. [IX, §7. 

" county, township, or municipal oftlcers, § 14. 
" free public schools, Art. XI, §§ 1,3 
" State University, § 5. (Normal Schools?) 
" Appropriation of State ' s revenue for sohool purposes-§7. 
" freight and passenger tar: ff— .Art. XT I, § 13. 
*' officer of a failing bank— § 27. 



IX 



D L n As to military laws, Art. XTTT, § 2. 

« " safe keeping of public arms , § 7. 

I " removal of county, city, town, and township officers, 

" appointment of officers, §9. [Art.XIV,§7. 

I '* lottery ond gift enterprise tickets, § 10. 

Shall pass all snch laws as may be necessarj' to carry this 
• Constitution into full effect, Schedule, § 15. 
Powers of General Assembly. [§7« 

As to apportionment of Senators and Representatives, A. IV. 

" altering senatorial and representative districts, §9. 

" adjournment, § 22. 

" changing a judicial circuit, Art. VI, § 24. 

" additional judges, §§27, 28. 

" filling vacancies and fixing salaries, §§ 29, 32, 33. 

" election of clerks of courts of record, §§39, 40. 

" day fixed for general election. Art. VIII. § 1. 

" counting ballots in contested election, § 3. 

•' right of suffrage, § 10. 

" township organizations, Art. IX, § 8. 

" City of St. Louis, §§ 23, 25, 

" taxation, Art. X, §§ 1, 21. 

" property of incorporated companies, Art. XII, § 4. 

" military' service and organization. Art. XIII, §§1,4, 

" amendments. Art XIV, §§2, 3. 
Prohibitions upon General Assembly. 
As to amendments. Art. II, § 3, 

" freedom of speech, § 14. 

" expost facto law, etc. , § 15. 

" division of county in forming senatorial districts. Art. 

' ' subj ect matter of a bill , § 28. [I V , § 9 . 

" acts revived or amended, §§ 33, 34. 

" time of a law going into effect. § 36. 

" manner of a bill becoming a law, § 37. Legislative Pro- 

" State's revenue, § 43. [ceedings. 

" appropriation of money, § 43 . 

" creating State debt, § 44. 

" giving or lending the credit of the State, § 45, 

" granting public money, §§ 46, 47. Notice also §§ 47, 48. 

" Railroad corporations, etc , §§49, .50. 

" debt or obligation to the State, §§ 51 , 52. 

'* local or special law, §§ 53, 54. 

" extra sessions, § 55. 

" laws repealed, etc. , by resolution. Art. V, § 14, 

" salaries of judges of courts of record. Art. VI, § 33. 

" establishing new counties, etc. Art. Art. IX, § 3. 

" taxing corporations, Art. X, §§ 2, 10. 

** sectarian institutions. Art. XI, § 11. 

" creating or benefiting corporations, Art. XII, §§ 2, 3, 16 

" a retrospective law, § 19. 

'* street railroad, § 20. 

'» bank, §§25, 27. 

" primary disposal of the soil, Art. XIV, §1. 

" taxing property of non residents, § 1. 

" fees of State and municipal officers, § 8. 

' * payment of certain already redeemed bonds , Ordinance . 



X 



ARTICLE V. 

Executive Department. 
j C Governor, Lieutenant Gcvemor, Secretary of ."^ta+o. 

I Oflicers< State Audicor, State Treasurer, Attorney General, 
' I ( Superintendent of Public Schools, § 1. 

I ]^umber-The seven given above. 
'; , Elected— By the people, at general election— Returns of 
I I election, § 3. 

I ' Term— 4 years, and begins on second Monday of Januarv 
I I next after election, §2. Superintendent of Public 
Schools elected every four vears from 1878— all the rest 



everv' four years from 1870. All except Lieutenant 
. Geveriior must keep their offices at the capital, § 1. 
I Accountability, Art VII. §12. 

I State Board of Education -Composed of Superintendent of 
, SchocJs, Governoi , Bcicretary of State, and Attorney 
■ General. The last th/ee are ex officio members Art. 
! XI, §4. 

state Board of iLqualizoition- -Governor, State Audi or, 
' Treasurer, Sec'y o." State, xUtorney Gen, A. X, §18. 
1 Governor, Art. V. 
Qualifications. 

[ Must be a male citizen, o.5 vrs. old. 7 years a resident 
I of State- 10 yrs, a citizen of U. S. , § 5. 
Compensation, $.5,000 per y€ar. 
Powers. 

, Supreme Executive, § 4, 
! Conservative of the peace, § 6., 
I Mav call out the militia, etc., § 7. 
I May grant reprieves, etc , § 8. 
I Convene General Assembly, § 9, 
I As to Appropriation Bill, § lo. 
I A^ to reports of Executive officers, § 22. 
I As to militia officers, A. XIII, §§ 3, 6. 
Duties.* 
As to execution of the laws, Art. V, § 6. 
As to reprieves, commutations, or pardons granted, §8. 
To make recommendations and give information to 
To account to Leg. for moneys handled, §10. [Leg., §9. 
To fill vacancies not otherwise provided for by law, §11 
To appoint Curators of State Uuiversity, Art. XI, § 5. 
As to bills and joint resolutions, Art. V. §§ 12, 13. 
As to militia officers, Art. XTI, §6, Art. V. § 7. 
Succession, 
Lieutenant Governor, President pro tempore of the 
Senate, and Speaker of House of Representatives. 
These succeed to the Governorship in order named 

Lieutenant Governor ; •*/;•• 

Salarv— Same as members of the General Assembly. 
Qualification— Same as for Governor, § 5. 

! May debate all questions in committee of the whole, §1.5. 
Duties. 
I To preside over the Senate, § 15. 

To give casting vote in Senate and joint sessions, § lo. 
I To discharge all duties of the Gov. when so acting. 



* Each officer has duties prescribed by 
Treasurer are ineligible tp re-election. 



statute. Governor and 



XI 



D o Secretary of State 

I Compensation, $ 3, 000. 

I Qualitications. 

I I Male citizen, 25 yecr:; old, Resident of Mo. 5 years, § 10. 

I Duties 

I I To keep the seal of the State, § 20. 

I I To keep a register of all official acts of the Governor, § -21. 

State Auditor ■>. 

Salary— $8,000. 

I Qualitications -Same as for Sec'y of State. 
I Duties 

To issue waiTants for i3aTment of all obligations of the 
I State, Art. X, § 16."' 

State Treasurer -. ... 

1 salary- $0,000, Art. Y, § 24. 

I Qualification— Same as for Sec'y of State. 

I Duties. 

To select bank and deposit therein all the State's money 
coming into his hands, Art. X, § 15. 
To keep separate accounts of all the various State funds 
To keep accounts of all warrants received, § 16. [§10. 
To publish quarterlv statements of the condition of the 
State fund, § lo'. 
Attomev General. 
Salary— $3,000. 

Qualifications— Same as Sec'y of State. 
Duties. 

I Implied and statute.. 

I Member of Boards of Education and Equalization. 
Superintendent of Public Schools. 
I Salar^^— $3,OOiO. 

i Qualification— Same as Sec'y of State. 
I Duties— Implied and statute. 
ARTICLE VI. C Supreme Court, St. Louis Court of Ap- 

I Judicial Department. < peals, Circuit Court, Criminal Courts, 



Supreme Court. ^ Probate, County, and Municipal Courts. 
Members, 

IS^umber— 5 judges. The one oldest in commission Chief 

■ Compensation— $4,. 500. [Justice, §5. 

I Qualifications — A citizen of U. S., 30 years old, Citizen 
; I of Mo. 5 years, and learned in thelaw, § 4. 
: 1 Tenure of Office— Ten yrs. One elected every two years, §4n 
: ' Term of Oilice begins— Jan. 1, following election, §7. 
Jurisdiction. 

: I Co-extensive with the State, §2. 
; I Appellate, § 2. 

: Extends to all questions by appeal from Circuit Court, 
: I St. Louis Court of Appeals, or by writs of habeas 
: I corpus, mandamus, quo warranto, certiorari, aud 
: I other remidial writs, § 3. 
: 1 Extends over all uther courts, §§3, 12. 
: Terms of Court . 

: I Two annually, commencing on third Tuesdays of .April 
: Held — at the seat of government, § 9. [and October, § 9. 
: ■ Tie in opinion, § 11. 
: Quorum -3 judges. 

: Chief Justice— One oldest in commission 

: Clerk— Chosen by the court, § 39. 



XII 



u J St: Lonis Court of Appeals.* 
Members . 
Number— Three, § 13. 
Qualifications. 

I Same as members of the Supreme Court, and must be a 
I ! I resident of the district, § 18 
j Salary— $.-i, 500. 

I Tenure of Office— Twelve years. One elctced every 4 yrs. 
I 1 by the people, § IS. 

i Terrris begin - First Monday of Janunrv after election , §§ 
! Jurisdiction, § 12. ' [11, 16. 

I ! Is appellate. 
I I Extends over all other courts within its territory, § 12. 

Terms of Court, § 14. 
I I Two annually, lirst Mondays of March and October 
I I 1 Held— in St, Louis. 

i Presi ing Oltlcer— One having the oldest license to practice 
I Quorum— Two judges, § 16. [law in the State, § 16 

i ! Clerk -Chosen "by the Court. 
I Circuit Courts. 
I I Number of Circuits in the State— Twenty nine. 

! I Members of each Court. Student's Circuit 

; ; I Number— One. §§ 24,58. Circuit Court of St, Louis county- 
Qualifications § 26. [five judges 
I A citizen of U. S. 5 years; 30 years old: qualified voter of 
' the State .'> years ; resident of the Circuit. 
Salary. § 33- $2,000. $1,000 additional is paid by Jackson 
and Buchanan counties and $3, .500 additional by St. Louis. 
Teniire of Office— Six years, § 25. 
( Terms begin -Fixed by statute. 
Jurisdiction, § 22 
Appellate, original, or concurrent as provided by statute. 
Extends over county or counties composing its circuit. 
Extends to all cases, criminal or civil, not otherwise pro- 
vided for by statute. 
Extends over all courts inferior to themselves, §§ 22, 29. 
'• Tern s of Court. 

I Two each year in each county— in some counties three. 
' Held — generally at the court-hoiise 

Clerk —elected by the people . Of Student 's county 

Criminal Courts. 
I Members. 
! I Number — one. 
I 1 Qualifications— statute. 
' I Tenure of Office -statute. 

I Terms begin— statute, 
i Jurisdiction , § 31 . 

1 Territorial jurisdiction -statute. 
Extends to criminal cases. 



* T'iiere is also a Kansas City Court of Appeals, created by a Con- 
stitutional amendment adopted in November 1884 (The only 
amendment to onr present Constitution) . The ^ame outline as 
tiat above may be used. The Court is held in Kansas City, and 
t'le compensation is $3, .500. The followini? are the present judges: 



xm 



D J I Is original 

Terms— statute. 

Held— statute . 

Compensation, §3.S, 
Probate Courts. 
! Members. 

Number — one , § ;M, 

Qualifications statute. 

Tenure of Ofllce— statute 

Terms begin— statute 

Compensation, § 33 

j jurisdiction. 

I I Co-extensive with the county. 
I I Extends to probate matters, § 34. 
I 1 Is original . 

I Terms -statute 

I Held 

County Court. 
; Members. 

Number— One or not more than three, §36. "Wlien three, 
the county is divided into two districts. One judge is 
elected from each district and oue from the county at 

Qualiflcations--statute [large. 

Tenure of Office 

Terms begin— statute 

Salary, §33 

jurisdiction. 
Extends over their own county. 
Extends to all county business', § 36, 
Is original . 

I Terms 

! Held 

hftiesiding Judge— The one elected by the county at large. 
. Clerk (County Clerk)— Elected by the people of the county. 
Municipal Corporation Courts. 
I Members, 

Number— Statute 

Qualifications 

Tenure of Office 

Terms begin ^ . 

Salary 

Jurisdiction— Prescribed by Statute. 

[ Terms 

I Held— within municipal corporation to which each belongs. 
ARTICLE VII. 
, Impeachment. 



Those liable, §1. 

I Officers of the Executive Department , and Judges in the 

I Judicial Department , except Judges of the probate, 

! county, and municipal corporation courts. 
For what offenses, § 1. 

I High crimes, Misdemeanors, Misconduct, habits of 

I Drunkenness, and Oppression in office. 
How tried, §2. 

j Bv Senate. 

I Two-thirds vote necessary to convict , 



XIV 



I Effect of conviction, § 2. 
I Removal from office. 
Disqualification to hold any office of honor, tr:"" ^r iTofit 
I nnaer the State. 
ARTICLE VIII 
Suffrage . 
i These entitled, § 2 



21 years old, a citizen of U S. , or must bavo declared hi,; 
I i intention to become a citizen not less tliaii or.e year nor 
I ; more than 5 years before offering to vote. 
I i Must have resided in the State one year, and in countv. 
] city, or town where he would vote, for HO days immedi- 
, ' ately preceeding the election . 

j Privileged from arrest— during attendance at, or in going to 
I and returning from election , except in cases of treason, 
, felony/, or breach of the peace, § 4. 
[ Residence not forfeited, § 7, 

! I To those absent because in service of the State. 
I To those absent because in service of U. S. 
j 1 To those in navigation. 
r To students of an institution of learning. 
' I To inmates of poor-houses or asylums, supported at pub- 
1 I To those confined in prison, § 7. [lie expense. 

I Those not entitled to vote. 

1 I Inmates of public poor-houses, prisons, or asvlums, sup- 
I j ported at public expense, while so kept or confined, § 8 
; ' Officers, soldiers, marines of the or nav}^ army of U. S §J1 
i Persons convicted of felony, or other infamous crimes, §10 
Elections. 
j , By the people, shall be by ballot, § o. 

By persons in a representative capacity-, shall be viva voce, 
How coducted, §3. [§ 6. 

j Election officers (judges and clerks) are Rworn not to 
I disclose how any one has voted, except as a witness in 
j judicial proceedings 
I Voter offers his Avritten or printed ballot. 
. It is numbered by the officer receiving it. 
1 The same number is placed opposite the name of the voter 
1 on the list of voters. 
Eligibility of Candidate for office, § 12 

No one naay be elected, or appointed, to any office, civil 
or military, unless he be a citizen of U. S. and a resident 
of this State for one year next preceeding election or aj)- 
I pointment. 
Ineligibility to office, Art- XIY, §§ 3, 4, 6. 

Those who fight a duel or assist thereat as second. 
Those who send, accept, or knowingly carry a challenge 
Those who agree to go out of the State to fight, [to flglit. 
Those holding an office of profit or trust under U. 8, 
Those who have not taken an oath to support the Consti- 
tution of U. S. and of Mo., etc. 



xy 



t> AKTICLE IX. 

Counties, cities, and towns. 

Appropriations for public or private enterprises, etc §,6. 
j Fees of County or Municipal officers , etc. §§ , 12 a 13. 
I Organization and classifications of cities and towns. §, 7. 

Qualificationsof officers in cities or counties of more than. 
I 100,000 inhabitants, § 18. Chartered Cities, §§16, 17. 
ARTICLE X, 
Revenue and Taxation . 
I How levied. Purposes? § 3, § 1. 
I Subjects of taxation §, 7. 
' Property exempt from taxation. §,6. 
I Valuation of propertj" for taxation . § , II 

Rate of taxation limited, §§, 8, 11, and Sched. §8. 
; Incorporation tax, § 21. 
ARTICLE XI 
Education— Free schools, §§1,3. 
I How and for whom maintained. 

Object, §1. 
' Means, §§ 6, 7, 8. 
State school fund. 
County school fund. 
1 I State tax af 5 cents on the $100, § 7. 
1 I Local taxation, § 7. 
Distribution and Custody of Funds. 
I state funds. 

I Invested in bonds of U. S . or of Mo . 
I I State Treasurer, custodian. 
I County funds. 
j I Loaned at interest, § 10. 
; I County court, custodian (implied) ,§ 8. 
Supervision of Public Instruction, § 4. 
Religious co-operation forbidden, § II 
ARTICLE XII. 
Corporations , 
I Notice §§ 4, 5, 9, 10, 24. 
ARTICLE XIII. 
I Militia. 

I Those subject to duty, § 1. 
I Officers, §5. 
I Privileged from arrest, § 5. 
ARTICLE XIV. 
I Miscellaneous. 

I ! As to acts committed under orders'of military authorities, 
' I Immunity of Senators and representatives, § 12 
I 'Tenure of office, §5. 
I I Investigation of offlcal acts of officers havin charge of 

A Jmirix^^^ ^'^^^' -^^ ^^® ^^^^ J^^' § ^1 • [pubUc fands 

ARTICLE XV. 

Mode of amending the Constitution. 

I First method, §2. 

; Second method, § 3. 



XVI 



D Schedule . 
Qbject, § 1 
Section 17. 
Ordinance. 



I Object— To prevent the possible second payment of 19J8 bonds 
of the Pacific Railroad. 



1 State officers. 

Elective. Salaries, except Governor, $3,000. 

Seven Executive officers (given in the outline) , 

Register of Lands — 

I Elected for four j^ears from 1876. 

Three Railroad Commissioners 

! One elected every two years at general election . 

Judges of the Supreme Court (given in the outline) 
Appointive. 

Adjutant General , 

Warden of Penitentiary 

Physician to the Penitentiary 

Insurance Superintendent 

Three fish Commissioners 

Commissioners of Permanent Seat of Government. 



Tobacco Inspector 

Coal-oil Inspector 

State Claim Agent, (Temporary) 
Engineer Topographical Survey. . 



The Govenor, State Auditor, and Attorney General are Fund 
Commissioners. These exercise a general whatch-care over the 
financial management of the state's revenue and debt. 

The Auditor, Treasurer, and Attorney General are inspectors of 

The Sec'y of State. Auditor and Register of Lands, constitute a 
committee on public printing. 

Missouri also has a State Board of Agriculture, a State Horti- 
cultural Societv, a State Librarj% a Beaurau of Labor Statistics, 
State Board of Pharmacy, and a State Board of Health. 

STATE INSTITUTIONS , 
State University— Columbia. 
School of Mines— Rolla. 
Normal School, District No. 1,— Kirksville, 
Normal School, District No. 2,— Wa rensburg. 
Normal School, District No. 3, —Cape Girardeau. 
Normal School,— Lincoln Institute (colored), Jefferson City, 
ASYLUMS. 

Lunatic Aslyum ,— Fulton . 
Lunatic Asylum,— St. Joseph. 
Institute for Education of Deaf and Dumb, -Fulton. 
School for Education of the Blind,— St. Louis. 
Insane Asylum*— St. Louis. 
Penitentiary,— Jefferson City. 
♦This asy lu m belongs to and is controlled by the City of St Louis , 
The state appropriates a small amount to its support. 



xvn 



State of Missouri. 



1 Territorial Divisions. 

I Counties— Established by the State. 

To\\Tiships (Congressional)— Established by U. S, GoAemment. 
I I Uniform and fixed areas. 

j I Difference between Congressioeal and Municipal townships . 
, Sections*— Established by U. S. GoTemment. 

2 Political Divisions 
First Class— Political or Municipal Corporations. 

I School Districts, Villages, Towns, Cities, and Counties. 
Second Class— Without Corporate Powers. 
I Municipal Townships (becomes a member of the First Class 
I when the county has organized under ' 'Township Organi- 
zation,**) Representative Districts, Judicial Districts or 
I Circuits, Congressional Districts. 
First Class. 
' Comities. 

Name. Student^s county 

Divisions, 

Municipal Townships 

Number in the county 

Object— Eor convenience of elections and county gov- 
ernment. 
Formed— * 'Laid off** and named by county court. 
Boundary Line— Cannot be run through a town or 
through the "common fields belonging thereto.** 

Justices of the Peace, Art. VI, § .37 

; Elected for and by the people of the Toweship . 
Officers— When county is under township orgamzation 

Assessor 

Collector 

Treasurer 

Constable 

Road Overseer 

Judicial Districts — From which a judge of the county 
1 Number— Two. [court is elected. 

I Composed— of whole municipal townships. 
Election Districts. 

Composed— fa township or a portion of a single 
township— nerer a portion of two different townships 
Object--For convenience of voters. 
Election Precincts— Polling or voting places fixed by 
the county court. 
Officers. 
Representatives in State Legislature, 

I Number 

I Names 

Probate Judge 

I ircuit Clerk. 

Coimty Clerk 

Treasurer • • • 

Prosecuting Attorney 

Sheriff 

♦Sub-divisions of these are made by individuals and! corporations, 
as in the laying out of towns and cities, and in the transfer of real 
estate. 



XYIII 



F c o Surveyor. , , 

Public Administrator 

School ommissioner 

Coroner .* 

Judges of the County Court. 
Judge at large 

Other two 

Collector . 

Assessor 

Recorder of Deeds 

Courts . 
j Circuit Court of the County— For outline, see page XII. 
I ! Judge— the judge of the Circuit in which the county lies. 

I I Tenure of O .ce— 6 years. 
I ' Terms of court , 

' Clerk 

j Probate court— Outline on page XIII. 

' I Judge 

I ( Tenure of Office 

1 Terms 

I Municipal Corporation Courts, Outline on page XIII. 

County Court, 
I j Judges Thee. 

I I Tenure of Office 

. ' Salary 

j Terms * 

Presiding Judge -The judge at large. 

I Clerk . .... 

I Powers and Duties. 

j j Controls and manages all county property. 

Buys, or sells real estate as nee&s of the county demand. 
! ! Has control of county finances 
i I Directs the levy of taxes for county purposes. 
I j Authorizes the opening of new public roads, etc. 
I I Erects new Townships, or changes the boundaries of 

I Townshii^s, to suit public convenience. 
I I Is custodian and manager of the county school fund. 
j I Makes settlements with County Collector and Treasurer, 
. I and examines into the accounts of the latter. 
, Is custodian of the bonds given by the county officers, 
j I Exercises a general supervision over all county affairs, 
I : agents or servants . 

Overseer and superintendent of all county interests. 
County Seat. 

I Removed— By two-thirds vote of all those voting on the 
I i^roposition . When the proposition is defeated, it cannot 
I be submitted again for five years. 

The County Court sits with the Clerk, Surveyor, and Assessor, 
as a Board of Equalization, to adjust the assessment of property 
for taxation, and, upon appeal, to release such assessment if the 
Assessor's valuation seems too high. In counties under Town- 
ships organization, the Sheriff is a member of the Board. 



XIX 



School Districts . 

I Object— The management of school affairs 

I irregularity of Outline. 

I Officers— School Directors. 

Number— Three. ' In independent districts of cities and 
j towns, six. 

1 Powers and Duties. zji' 

I ! To maintain school for at least seyen months in school 

year (conomencing July 1st and ending June SOth) . 

I To direct the levy of a school tax not to exceed 4 mills on 

To employ teachers. [the dollar. 

, To keep school house and grounds in good condition. 

To purchase and furnish globes, maps, charts, etc.. for 

use of the school. 
To supply the necessary fuel for the school-room. 
To furnish a janitor unless otherwdse mentioned in the 
I teachor's contract. 

; To establish and maintain school for both whites and 
j those of African descent. 
1 To make all estimates of the amounts necessary to carry 

into effect all these legal obligations. 
! To determine the time of begining school 
I To prescribe a course of studv for the schools. 

To grade the school under their charge. 
J ro appropriate money for necessary incidental expenses. 
To audit and allow all claims against the district lor ser- 
I vices rendered, etc., under their direction. 
Powers of the District. 

1 To take private propeity for a schools-house site, paying a 
j reasonable compensation the^for. 

, To increase the length of school term beyond seven months 
1 and increase the rate of taxation sufficiently to run the 
I school for the time voted for; but, in country districts 
the tax must not excead 6.5 cents on the $100, and in towns 
not over $1 on the $100. 
To vote tax to build a new school-house and to make repairs. 
I To sell an old house or grounds no longer needed. 
I To elect directors. [rowed 

To issue bonds for existing indebtedness, or for money bor- 
1 To change district boundaiy lines, etc.* 
Village. 
I Incorporation, 

I I County Court, when presented with a petition signed by 

' I two-thirds of the inhabitants of the town, may grant the 

Board of Trustees. [prayer 

Members. ^ 

I Number— 5 in villages of less than 2,500 inhabitants, and 9 

I m Villages of more than 2,500 inhabilants. 

* Any or all these powers, except the last, may be exercised at a 
special or called meeting, but are usually exercised by vote of the 
annual meeting held on the first Tuesday in April 



XX 



P M I Qualifications . 

I I I Male citizen of U. S. , 21 yrs, old, a house-holder, and must 



have resided in the Village for 1 yx. before election . 
Oath of office -Must take and subscribe an oath to obey the 
Constitution of TJ. S. and of Mo. , and to demean himself 
faithfnlly in office. 
! Elected— On Tuesday after the first Monday in April. 
! Tenure of Office— 1 year. 
Powers . 

I To appoint within 20 days after election a chairman, who is 
vested with the powers of a Justice of the Peace for the 
trial and punishment of offenses against the ordinances of 
the corporation. 
' To judge the qualifications and election of its own members. 
I To punish a member, or orther persons, for disorderly con- 
duct in its presence. 
I To expel a member- -No member can be expelled twice for 
' the same offense. Read § .5010, Revised Statute. 
Quorum— A majority of the members. A smaller number may 
adjourn from day to day and compel the attendance of ab- 
sent members. Notice*^the similarity here and elsewhere to 
the U . S Congress . 
Other Officers. 

Assessor, Collector, Constable, Marshal, Treasurer, and 
suchotheroiVcers, or agents, as may be necessary, are 
appointed snd salaries fixed by the Board ef Trustees. 

Manner of Enforcing Authority. Tax collections, § 

Fines and Penalties, § f 

Recovery of Property, § 

Suits for recovery of fines, and appeal of Defendant, § 

Change of Name, § 

Disincoporation , ♦ . 

Cities. 
Classification by Population.* 

A Village contains less than SOOinhabitanes. 
A City of the Fourth Class, 500 to 5,000. 
,, ,, Third Class, 5,000 to 20, OoO. 
'' " Second Class , 20 , 000 to 100 , 000 . 
" '* First Class, 100,000 or more. 
City of the Fourth Class. 
j I O'fflcers— Executive. 

I I Mayor. Of Student's town '-. 

I ; Salary 

I : Qualifications . 

' : :Male citizen of U. S., 30 years old, a freeholder in the 
I : : city, a resident for 5 years next preceeding election. 
j :Elected— By the voters of the city. 
: Tenure of Office— Two years. 

*A city by virtue of its population belongs to one of these classes; 
but it is optional with the city whether it incoporate in the class 
to which it belongs or not. It may choose to remain in one of the 
lower classes. 

t Let the student take the Statutes and find these sections. 



XXI 



F c M Powers and Duties.* 

I Sits AYith the Board of Aldermen and votes in case of a tie. 
Executes the laws. 
Superintends the affairs of the city. 
May veto ordinances. 
Appoints certain officers. 

Makes an annual report to the Board of the financial con- 
dition and needs of the city. 
Shall sign the commissions of all city officers. 
Shall sign orders and drafts on the Treasurer, and require 
city clerk to attest them and attach the seal of the city. 
Shall keep a record of all orders and drafts signed. 
May remove any city officer with consent of the Board. 
Call out all citizens between 18 and 50 years of age to en- 
force the laws. 
May remit fines and grant reprieves or pardons for of- 
fenses under the ordinances. 
Shall preside over all meetings of the Board. 
Make suggestions to the Board of such legislation as he 

thinks proper. 
Shall hold his court in the room provided therefor hy the 
city, and keep it open except on Sundays. 
I Shall be a conservator of the peace. 

I Has exclusive original jurisdiction over ail offenses 
I against the ordinances 

I Must keep a docket of all cases tried before him. 
I May issue warrants to the city marshal, the county Sheriff , 
or any constable of the city, commanding the arrest of 
parties charged with offenses . 

Shall not try criminal cases, § 

I May compel the attendance of witnesses. 
I May punish, by fine or imprisonJttent, tor contempt shown 
I his court, or his orders and processes. 
May impose the cost of trial upon those who rtiake the 
charges or complaints, when he is sattsfied that the pros- 
I ecution was commenced without probable cause and from 
I malicious motives. 

. May postpone a trial, for good cause, to a fixed day, bind- 
1 ing the defendant for his appearance at the time ap- 
I pointed for the trial. 
OflScers— Legislative, 
I Board of Aldermen. 

I Members 

\ I Number— Two in each ward. There must be at least two 

' Salary [wards, 

I ' Qualifications— Male citizen of U. S ,21 years old, free- 
, I holder in the city, resident for one year before election, 
i I Elected— By the people . One in each ward annually. 
I 1 Tenure of office— Two years. 



* The Mayor's jurisdiction 
miles beyond city limits 



under ordinances extends for five 



XXII 



r o B Powers. 

All the powers exercised by the Village Trustees, also— 

To license and regulate dramshops, shows, etc, for one 
mile from corporate limits. 

To tax merchants and peddlers. 

To regTilate the sale of liquors. 

To regulate the storage of gunpowder and combustible 
material. 

To regulate or prohibit the sloughtering of animals in the 
City limits. 

To remove the marshal, assistant marshal, or policemen, 

To compel the attendance of witnesses. [for cause. 

To compel the production of papers relating to any sublet 
under consideration in which the interests of the' city are 
iuTolved. 

To punish vagrants, idlers, gamblers, and otlcrs having 
no visible means of support. N 

To prevent the carrying on of any business detrime»(tal to 
the public health.' 

To issue bonds payable in one year, etc. 

To provide for eniimeration of the inhabitants of the cit^- . 

To impose fines not to exceed $100 

To enforce ordinances for maintenance of the peace,' good 
government, health, and welfare of t'^To city, its trade, 

To license drays. [commerc6, and rhanufactories 

To impose a license-tax on auctioneers, bell and tenpin 
alleys, butchers, meat-markets, meat-yeards, billiard- 
tables and shuffle-boards, bagatelle-tables, pigeon-hole 
tables, and any other tables on which games are played 
for anmsement, gift enterprises, patent-right dealers, 
auction-houses, and druggists. 

To create offices, and provide by ordinance for the man- 
ner of choosing officers to fill them. 

To define, by ordinances, the duties, powers and privilege! 
of all city' officers wherin these are not prescribed by 

City Clerk [statute. 

I Clerk of Board of Aldermen. 

; Elected— By the Board. 
Treasurer, Collector, Street Commissioners, City Attorney, 

I Appointed by the mayor, with advice and consent of Board. 
Assistant Marshal and Policemen. 

' Elected— Method left to Board of Aldermen, 

1 Style of Ordinances. 

I : All ordinances must begin with the prescribed formula, 

I : "Beit ordained by the Board of Aldermen of the City of 

I : as follows : ^ ^ 

93- Owin^ to the increase and frequent changes in statutory law, 
it is impossible to give a complete outline of any of the municipal 
divisions. 



xxin 



;f City of the Third Class, 
oil] cers— Executive • 

I Mayor 

Salarv 

Qiialiffcations— Same as in City of Fourth Class. 
Elected— Bv the people. 
I i Powers and Duties. 
I I Appoints a Street Commissioner. 
, I Other powers, see statute. 
Officers— Legislative. 
I Council. 

Members 

I Number— Two in each ward. There must be at least 

' four wards in the city. [dermen. 

Qualifications— 2.0 years old, other— Same as for Al- 

Elected— By the people. 1 from each ward annually. 

I Salary 

, Tenure of Office— Two years. 
Powers and Duties. 
• • I All the powers exercised by a board of Aldermen, and 
I I I many others in addition— See statute. 
Other Officers. 
Marshal, Recorder, City Attorney, Treasurer, Assessor, and 

Salary [Collector, 

Qualifications 

Elected— By the people. 
City of Second Class. 
Officers— Elective. 
Mayor. 

Salary 

Qua}ifications— 21 j'ears old, 1 years residence, etc. 
Elected— By the people for 2 years. 
Powers and Duties— See Statute. 
Officers— Legislative . 
I Common Council. 

I ! Members 

I Number 



Qualifications— See Staiute. 

I I j I Salary 

! I I Elected- -By the people for two years. 

! Powers and Duties- -See Statute- 
Other O fficers . 
' Elective. 
j City Recorder, City Attorney, Auditor, and Treasurer. 

1 : Salary , . 

, : Qualifications 

I : Tenure of Office— 1 year. 

! Appointive. 

' I City Clerk, City Engineer, Assessor, Counselor, Comptroller, 
City of the First Class. 
I Officers— Executive. 
I i Mayor 

Salary 

Qualitictaions 

Elected— By the people for four years. 

Powers and Duties— See Statute. 



XXIV 



c Officers— Legislative 

Municipal Assembly (Two Houses). 
Council 
I I Members . 
I ! Number— Thirteen. 

Salarj- 

Qualifications , 

j I Elected— By the people for four vears. 
I • ! Time— Six at one general election, and Seven at the 
general election two years afterward 
I Powers and Duties — See Statute . 
House of Delegates, 
j Members. 
I j Number— Thirteen. 

;' Salary 

i Qualifications , 

I Elected— By the people for two years. 
j I I I Powers and Duties— See statute. 
Ot^er Ofl^cers. 
I Elective. 

Comptroller, Register, Auditor, Treasurer, Collector, 
Recorder of Deeds, Inspector of weights and measures. 
Sheriff, Coroner, Marshal, Public Administrator, Presi- 
dent of Board of Assessors and President of Board of 
public improvement. 

j Salary , 

Qualifications— See Statute. 
1 Elected--By the people for 4 years. 
j Appointive— Tenure of office 4 years. 

■Recorder of Votes, City Counselor, District Assessor, 
Sup't of Workhouse, Sup't of House of Refuge, Sup't of 
Fire and Police Telegraphs, Commissioner of Supplies, 
Assessor of Water Rates, Two Police Justices, Attorney, 
Jailer, Five Commissioners on Streets, Sewers, Water 
Supply, Harbor and Wharf, and a Gas Commissioner. 
Second Class of Political Divi sions . 
Representative Districts. Art. IV, §2. 
j Purpose— To elect Representatives to lower house of State Leg- 
Composed— Of whole counties or part of a county, [islature, 
' Number— Variable— at present J42"^ / - . 

Redistricted— By General Assembly 
Senatorial Districts. 
! Purpose— From which to elect State Senators. 
I Composed— Of one county or a number of counties. 
I Number— Fixed at 84, 
I Redistricted— By Legislature. 
Judicial Circuits . 
Purpose— For circuit court system. 
Composed— Of one county Or a number of counties. 
Number— 29 

Changed— By Legislature. 
Congressional Districts. 
Purpose— From which to elect U.S. Representatives. 
Number— Variable. At present 14. Number determined by 
dividing population of the State by ratio of Representation . 
Redistricted— Every ten years by the State Legislature. 



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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




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